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Adverb clauses Adverb clauses are used to show relationships between…
Adverb clauses
Adverb clauses are used to show relationships between ideas.
1.Introduction
ex: (a) When the phone rang, the baby woke up.
ex: (b) The baby woke up when the phone rang.
Summary list of words used to
introduce adverb clauses
Time
After
Before
When
Cause aeffect
Because
now that
since
Contrast
even though
although
though
Condition
If
unless
only if
2.Using Adverb Clauses to Show
Time Relationships.
After
After she graduates, she will get a job.
Before
I will leave before he comes.
When
When I arrived, he was talking on the phone.
While
While I was walking home, it began to rain.
3.Using adverb clauses to
show cause and effect.
Because
Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.
Now that
Now that I've finished the semester, I'm going
to rest a few days and then take a trip.
Since
Since I came here, I have met many
people.
6.Expressing conditions in
Adverb clause: If-clause
ex: If it rains tomorrow,
I will take my umbrella.
Words that introduce adverb
clauses of condition ( if-clause)
if
even if
unless
4.Expressing contrast (unexpected result) :
Using even though.
Because
Because I wasn't tired, I didn't go to bed.
Even though
Even though I wasn't tired, I went to bed.
5.Showing direct contrast: While
While is used to show direct contrast:
"this"
is exactly the opposite of
"that".
(a) Mary is rich, while John is poor.
(b) Jhon is poor, while Mary is rich.
7.Shortened if-clause
( a ) Are you a student?
If so / If you are, the ticket is half-price.
If not / If you aren’t, the ticket is full price.
8.Adverb clause of condition :
using whether or not and even if
Whether or not
I’m going to go swimming tomorrow whether or not it is cold. Or whether it is cold or not.
Even if
I have decided to go swimming tomorrow.Even if the weather is cold, I’m going to go swimming
9.Adverb clauses of Condition :
Using in case
Using should in an adverb clauses emphasize the speaker's uncertainty that something will happen.
I'll be at my uncle's house in case you(Should) need to reach me.
10.Adverb clauses of Condition:
Using Unless
I'll go swimming tomorrow unless it's cold.
11.Adverb clauses of Condition:
Using Only If
The picnic will be canceled only if it rains.
( Only if expresses the idea that there is only one condition that will cause a particular result.)
Only If it rains will the picnic be canceled.
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