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Patellofemoral Pain in Athletes Farzin Habalche (2017) - Coggle Diagram
Patellofemoral Pain in Athletes
Farzin Habalche
(2017)
PFPS Introduction & Terminology
Athletes participating in jumping/pivoting sports are prone to PFPS
May lead to ACL injury/ Osteoarthritis
Definition
Pain aggravates when weight bearing on flexed knee
Risk Factors
Anatomical
Biomechanical
Gaining Access to Patient History
Location of pain & description
Around the kneecap
Anterior aspect of knee
Examinations
Physical Testings
Vastus Medialis Coordination test
Clarke’s test
Waldron’s test (Phases I and II)
Standard step-down test
Eccentric step test
Lateral step down test
Patellar apprechension test
Single-leg squat
Fourth International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat
Testing w/ squatting maneuver is one of the best available tests
Imaging
Indication of recent trauma/ structural confirmation, adjunct to physical testing
Evaluation for malalignment
Cartilage loss
Bone marrow edema
Management
General agreement: non-surgical interventions are the primary options
Exercises, no best model however (low evidence)
Strengthening (Pain Free)
Knee extensions, Squats (RCTs)
Both weight bearing and non-weight bearing are beneficial (Systematic review)
Stretching
Conservative management
Passive Stretching
Physical Modalities
Lack of supportive evidences, ex: therapeutic ultrasound
Cryotherapy is recommended
Return to Sports
No pain and swelling
Good quadriceps strength and core stability
Normal gait biomechanics
Good performance in functional tests
Proper hamstring flexibility
Confidence