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Organic Chem Grade 11 Revision - Coggle Diagram
Organic Chem Grade 11 Revision
Homologous series
trends in physical properties
length of carbon chain
intermolecular forces
functional groups present
General formula
Alkene: CnH2n
Alkyne: CnH2n-2
Alcohol: CnH2n+2O
Ether: CnH2n+2O
Aldehyde: CnH2nO
Ketone: CnH2nO
Carboxylic Acid: CnH2nO2
Ester: CnH2nO2
Alkane: CnH2n+2
Amine: CnH2n+3N
Amide: CnH2n+1NO
Functional Groups
aldehyde
carboxylic acid
alkane, alkene, alkyne
ketone
ester
ether
alcohols
Naming Organic Compounds
Straight chains
Branched chains
stem - no. of C atoms
prefix - substituents
suffix - functional group
Structures
Molecular formulae
Structural formulae
Skeleton structures
Factors affecting boiling point of Organic Compounds
Molar Mass
Branched vs. Straight chain
Functional Group
Strength of Intermolecular Forces
Classification
Alcohols
primary
secondary
tertiary
Halogenoalkanes
primary
secondary
tertiary
Amines
primary
secondary
tertiary
Properties of Benzene
Resonance structures with all intermediary, equal bond lengths
High amounts of energy required to add H_2, due to delocalised, stable structure
Low reactivity --> doesn't undergo addition reactions, undergoes substitution reactions that don't disrupt structure of rings/electron cloud
Only one isomer since symmetric
high boiling and melting point --> structure
Reactions
alkanes
substitution
free radical substitution
conditions: UV light
combustion
complete (forms CO2)
incomplete (forms CO or C)
alkenes
hydrogenation
conditions: high pressure, Nickel (catalyst), high temp (180° C)
hydration
H2SO4 catalyst
halogenation
test for unsaturation (colour change)
polymerization