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INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY - Coggle Diagram
INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 1
- INTRODUCTION
Definition
: applying technology processes and tools which can be used to solve problems of instruction and learning (learning technology)
Objectives:
a) orient learners to the importance of educational technology
b) lend familiarization on how it can be utilized as the media for the teaching-learning process in school
Characteristics:
1) developing various methods - example: micro-teaching methods, simulated teaching
2) field of education technology - audio-visual aids, psychology
3) helpful in making teaching process - objective, easy. clear, interesting and scientific
Functions:
a) convert behavioral objectives into learning conditions in context of educational objectives
b) analyze learners characteristics
c) organize contents
d) evaluate performance of students with reference of the achievement educational objectives.
Old and Modern Education Concept:
Advantages:
i) prepare students for future
ii) increases student engagement and motivation
iii) support differentiate instruction
iv) supports universal design for learning process
v) provides current information, wider access
vi) improves instructional delivery
vii) immediate formative assessment
Disadvantages:
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Applications:
HARDWARE ASPECTS
uses various technological equpments fromn chalk-boards to computers
audio-visuals materials
Example: printer, smart board, LCD projector
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Importance and Need:
1- increase the effectiveness on teaching-learning process (bring desire improvement in the process by making it effective)
2- maximizing output ( maximized learning facilities)
CHAPTER 2
- TYPES OF EDUCATIONAL TOOLS
What is teaching aids?
i) tools purposefully designed to overcome verbal deficiencies in communication of classroom situation
ii) key role in teaching-learning iii) divided into different types per the nature and function usability
TRADITIONAL TOOLS/AIDS
chalks, blackboard, white board and duster
a) bare minimum requirement present in any class
b) cheap and easily available
c) use color chalk to draw various diagrams on board
ADVANTAGES:
cheap, no power dependence, used in board day light, no maintenance costs, mistakes be corrected instantly
NON-PROJECTED TOOLS/AIDS
- do not require projector, projection screen or electricity, can be simply shown, hug on the wall, touched and handled by students
1) 2D GRAPHS
defines as visual representation of numerical data
a tool for expressing number relationships
easier to visualize statement in words and figures
Types of graphs:
line, bar, circle/pie and pictorial
2) 2D MAPS
teaching geography, history, economics ands social studies
unreal, inadequate and incomplete without map media
Limitations of maps:
accurate, well planed, well printed, wall mounted and durable
many maps not visible to all students
teacher often does not take effort to teach map reading
each map should have relevant details
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PROJECTED TOOLS/AIDS:
transparent picture by means of a lens and an enlarged picture is thrown or projected on screen/white walls
Types of projected:
Over Head Projector (OHP), digital projected, laptops/computers, power point slides, film stripes
1) OVER HEAD PROJECTOR (OHP)
base area with transparent glass covering which light id focused from below
projector lies above this base which magnifies light coming from below and projects it onto desired point
device quiet indispensable whenever one thinks of presentation to be given
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IT TOOLS/AIDS:
over past few years schools begun intergrate new technology in curriculum
students able to use netbooks, iPads, other electronic devices
access to lesson plan accessed through device so students simply log on to view assignments, events and projects
taken away traditional learning but give students wealth of opportunity
Advantage:
have the world at fingertips, anything wish to learn have access to, open whole new world for student, learn to operate the devices
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CHAPTER 3 - AUDIO VISUAL TOOLS
INTRODUCTION:
TYPES:
classify simply on bases of sensory experience because human being derive their experiences mainly through direct sensory contact
Three main groups:
Audio Aids - radio, Tape-recorder, Linguaphone, audio cassette player, language laboratory
Visual Aids - chart, black and white board, transparency, flash-cards, print materials
Audiovisual Aids - LCD project, film project, TV, computer, virtual classroom, multimedia
ADVANTAGES:
helps learning process more effective and conceptual
grab attention of students
builds interest and motivation teaching students in learning process
enhance energy level of teaching and students
better for over burden classrooms
students realistic approach and experience
DISADVANTAGES:
technical problems, students distractions, expensive, time consuming, need space, inconvenience
CHARACTERISTICS:
Relevancy, Useful and purposeful teaching, Interest, Minimize verbalism, Motivation, Realism
Who can take benefit from Visual Aids?
helpful for those students who having language disorder, autism spectrum disorder, down syndrome, those who have learning disabilities, student who have English as secondary language, personality development delay and have the problem of hearing impairment
Use of Audio Visual Tools in classroom
the study changes living bodies (seed germination, development of plants and animals)
to summaries a series of observation (after field trip a suitable film presents quick summary of things observed)
to show the interior of things (human body, internal structured of animals and palms) can only be studied with help of photography or films help in such situation
to present historic material (photographic records of important events, people and places can be used for this purpose)
also called instructional material, audio literally means 'hearing' and 'visual' means which found by seeing
make learning situations as real as possible and give firsthand knowledge through organs of hearing and seeing
any device can be used to make learning experience more concrete and effective, realistic and dynamic
through sense organs, ways of knowledge
all sense help understanding environment
most knowledge acquire from school comes through our eyes and ears
Definitions:
According to Burton "These are sensory objectives and images which stimulate and emphasis on learning process"
Objectives:
enhance teacher skills which help make teaching-learning process effective
make learners active in classroom
communicate according to their capabilities
develop lesson plan and build interest
make students good observer
develop easy and understandable learning material
teaching process more effective
