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EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, - - Coggle Diagram
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Definition
The application of :
technological processes and tools which can be used to solve problems of instruction and learning
Scientific knowledge and learning ad the conditions of learning to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and training
Introduction to Educational Tecnology
Functions :
To convert behavioral objectives into learning conditions in the context of educational objectives
To analyze the characteristics of the learners
To organize the contents
To evaluate the performance of the students with references to the achievement of educational objectives.
Objectives
To orient the students to the importance of educational technology
To impart skills in planning, designing, using and evaluating the technology - enriched teaching learning process.
To introduce the learners to what is recognized as the third revolution in education
To make the classroom teaching easy, clear, interesting, effective, understandable, objective and scientific
Needs Of Educational Technology
Increase the Effectiveness of Teaching - Learning Process.
Maximizing the Output
Advantages
Prepare the students for the future
Increase student engagement and motivation
Supports Differentiated instruction
Supports universal design for learning practices
Provides current information and wider access
Improves instructional delivery
Immediate formative assessment
Disadvantages
Management ( financial to buy new technological items)
New skills
Maintenance
Costs
Time
Examples of Hardware and Software
Hardware
Flat screen monitor
Scanner
Digital camera
LCD projector
Software
Microsoft Office
Adobe Flash
iMovie
Sound Vegas
CHAPTER 2 : TYPES OF EDUCATIONAL TOOLS
Teaching Aids
Are the tools purposefully designed to overcome verbal deficiencies in communication in a classroom situations
Plays a key role in teaching-learning situations
Supports both teacher and taught in the pursuit of knowledge and curriculum transaction
TYPES OF TEACHING AIDS
Traditional Tools
Chalks, Black Board, White Board and Duster
Requires bare minimum
Cheap and easily available
Usage of colour chalks can modify various drawing
Advantages
Cheap
No power dependence
Can be used in board day light
No maintenance costs
Non projected tools
Those aids which do not require projector, projection screen or electricity
Can be shown, hung, touch and handle by students
Types : 2D and 3D
2D Graphs
Defined as a visual representation of numerical data.
Fundamental tool in expressing number relationships, which is easier to visualize.
Types of Graphs
Line graph
Bar graph
Circle/pie graph
Pictorial graph
2D Maps
Constitute an indispensable aid in teaching many subject such as geography, history, economics and social studies.
Limitation of Maps
Many of the maps are not visible to all students in the classroom.
Teacher doesn't not take the effort to teach map reading to the students.
Every type of map should have their own relevant details
2D Charts
Is a combination of pictorial, graphic, numerical or vertical material which presents a clear visual summary.
Main function of chart is to show relationships such as comparisons, relative amounts, developments, processes, classification and organization
Advantages
Present matter symbolically.
Present abstract ideas in visual form.
Summarizes information
Shows relationships of facts, figures and statistics.
2D Posters
Is any piece of printed paper designed to be attached to a wall of vertical surface
Designed to be eye-catching and informative
Frequent tool of advertisers for events. musicians, films and other groups trying to communicate a message
Characteristics
Use minimum words
Simplicity of layout
Efficient use of colours
-Attractive and catchy
Uses
Present a single idea or a subject forcefully and effectively
Motivated the class
Highlight events and projects
Limitations
Posters convey a single theme
If the lettering is not attractive and accurate, makes the poster illegible
2D Flashcards
Use to present an idea in the form of poster, pictures, words and sentences
Aim to develop the power of observation, identification quick comprehension and retention
Advantages
Easy to carry
Pictorial contents presented in a series which are easily recognized by the group.
Limitations
The students cannot get the complete view of the concept
3D Models
Are used to demonstrate three-dimensional representation of real or abstract things
Can be used in a wide range of instructional situations
Are used as a visual support material in instruction
Are used as a object for study or manipulation in individualized learning
Advantages
They can reduce substantial objects to a convenient size
Can be used to demonstrate the interior structures of objects or systems with clarity.
Projected Tools
Refers to those aids where a bright light is passed through a transparent picture by means of a lens and an enlarged picture is thrown or projected on the screen
Over Head Projector (OHP)
Consists of a base area with a transparent glass covering onto which light is focused from below and a projector lies above this base
Advantages
It is very easy to handle
No darkened room necessary
It is easy to transport
Limitation
Dependence on power
Straining the eye of the learners
Digital Projector
The latest in line which comes with a HDMI port that can be used to connect the laptop or computer which is then displayed on a screen
Hace a wider audience reach
Audio and video files can be played.
Computer/Laptops
Vital in making presentation for learning computer programming languages and combined with the internet knowledge
Power point slides
Easy to use and make, students are pulled towards these slides
Films Strips
Can be prepared for pictures, diagrams and graphs.
There is a sequential movement in the screen, films strips can be prepared for structured lecture or narration or story
Lesson can be effectively thought by stopping and moving through different strips
IT Tools
Students area able to use netbooks, iPads or other electronic devices.
Teacher can access to lesson plans that are accessed through the device so students simply log on to view the work given by teachers.
Students need to learned how to operate these devices and use the internet to learned
Examples
Netbooks
Smartphones
iPads
CHAPTER 3 AUDIO VIDUAL TOOLS
What?
Audio visual tools are called instructional materials
Any device which can be used to make the learning experience more concreate and effective, realistic and dynamic can be considered as audio visual material
According to Burton " These are sensory objectives and images which stimulates and emphasis on learning process"
Objectives
To enhance teachers skills which help to make teaching- learning process effective
Make learners active in classroom
Make students good observer
To make teaching process more effective.
Types
Audio Aids
Radio
Tape - recorder
Linguaphone
Audio cassette player
Visual Aids
Charts
Black and white boards
Maps
Pictures
Slide projectors
Audiovisual Aids
LCD projector
Film project
Tv
Computer
Advantages
Helps to make learning process more effective and conceptual
Helps to grab the attention of students
Builds interest and motivate teaching students learning process
Enhances the energy level of teaching and students
Provides students a realistic approach and experience
Disadvantages
Technical problems
Students distractions
Expensive
Time consuming
Need space
Inconvenience
Characteristic
Relevancy
Useful and purposeful teaching
Interest
Minimize verbalism
Motivation
Realism
Use
The study of changes living bodies
To summaries a series of observation
To show the interior of things
To present historic materials
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