Infections

Bacterial Vaginosis

associtated with a higher pH level. The normal vaginal pH is 4-4.5

there Is a white/grey discharge and a fishy odor

Trichomoniasis

the normal vaginal pH can be changed due pregnancy, intercourse, antibiotics and contraception

in pregnancy it is associated with pre-term labor and infection after invasive procedures such as dilation

treatment is metronidazole

it is sexually transmitted, non viral

there Is a white/grey discharge and a fishy odor , there also is pelvic pain, dysuria and uringary agency / frequency

on examination the vaginal mucosa is inflamed and the cervix appears like "strawberry"

can be treated with metronidazole

Candidiasis Vulvovaginitis

commonly known as yeast infection, there is an over growth of yeast within the vagina

risk factors include the use of tampons, tight underwear, antibiotics and glucose intolernace

women can complain of an itchy and discomfort symptoms and thick cottage cheese discharge

women that have recurrent yeast infections should be checked for diabetes

treatment Is flucanzole

Chlamydia

Gonorrhea

men have urethritis and women have cervicitis

has devastating impact on a women's future ability to reproduce

urine tests should be gathered wihtout precleaning

treatment is azithromycin and doxycycline

men have urethritis and women have cervicitis

untreated gonorrhea can lead to PID, which can cause infertility, ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain.

routine screening for gonorrhea is recommended for women under the age of 25, men who have sex with men and current HIV

treatment is **azithromycin and ceftiaxone

Hepatitis

Syphilis

Herpes Simplex Virus

HIV

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

is transmitted by skin-skin contact. the virus is usually dormant, meaning that the patient is not contagious and have no outbreaks

they present as cluster of vesicles

patients present with painful vesicular rashes, skin erosions, tender inguinal lymphadenopathy, fever, headache.

treatment can be valacyclovir, it does not cure it but suppress the virus and prevent breakouts

occurs in 4 stags. Primary; may present as singles painless chancre. Secondary; rash. Latent; asymptotic period that may last 4 years. Teritary; that may affect multiple organ systems such as brain, nerves and joints

generalized symptoms are fever, flu-like, headache, malaise, muscle aches, sore throat and weight loss

treatment is peniclin

there is no known transmission via kissing or any other contact. most transmissions are sexual

acute infection (1st stage); first 6 months. symptoms; acute infection flu-like, with fever, headache, lymphadenopathy, sore throat and rash

chronic HIV without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; starts 6 months after acquisition of the HIV. lasts until CD4 count is below 200. Most people at this stage are asymptomatic

AIDS; the CD4 count is below 200.

ART reduces mortality, progression of HIVs to AIDS

Tranmitted Via fecal/ oral route

Risk factors ; illicit drug use, exposure to day care centers and men that have sex with men

symptoms; abdominal pain, flu-like sympotms, n/v, anorexia. within a week the urine becomes dark and stool becomes pale

vaccination

vaccination, 1st vaccination soon after labor, 2nd dose 1 month after first dose and 6 months after the first dose

transmitted via blood, semen and vaginal fluid

symptoms; asymptomatic or RUP, discomfort, N/V, anorexia, jaundice and fatigue

are at risk for cirrhosis, liver faliure, and liver cancer

no vaccination

blood transmition

higher amounting heterosexuasl, with multiple partners and men who have sex with men

typically asymptomatic and treated with antivirals and curative for over 99% of patients