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(5) THEME and RHEME - Coggle Diagram

- - - - element(s) which come first in the clause
      - what the clause is going to be about
      - "this is what I am talking about"
    - - "This is what I am saying about"
  - - - Unmarked Topical Themes
        
        Nominal Group
        
        (Jack) went up the hill
        
        Nominal Group Complex
        
        (Jack and Jill) went up the hill
        
        Embedded Clause
        
        ((What Jack and Jill did)) was go up the hill
      - Marked Topical Themes (stands out)
        
        Adverbial
        
        (Down) Jack fell
        
        Prepositional phrase
        
        (Up the hill) Jack and Jill went
        
        Complement
        
        (His crown) he broke
    - - Conjunctive Adjuncts
      - Conjunctions (at the beginning of clause)
      - Continuatives (always at the beginning)
        
        Well, right, OK, now, anyway, of course
    - - Modal Adjuncts
        
        Perhaps
      - Vocatives
        
        a name or nickname used to address someone
        
        only Thematic if they occur before Topical Theme, a Finite verb, or Modal Adjunct
      - Finite
      - Wh-elements