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Syntax: The Sentence Patterns of Language - Coggle Diagram
Syntax: The Sentence
Patterns of Language
What the Syntax Rules Do
combine words into phrases and phrases into sentences.
describe the relationship between the meaning of a particular group of words and the arrangement of those words.
specify the grammatical relations of a sentence, such as subject and direct object.
Sentence Structure
Det—N—V—Det—N
Constituents and Constituency Tests
The natural groupings or parts of a sentence are called constituents.
Syntactic Categories
A family of expressions that can substitute for one another without loss of
grammaticality is called a syntactic category.
Lexical and Functional Categories
NOUN, VERB, PREPOSITION, ADJECTIVE, ADVERB
Building Phrase Structure Trees
Phrase structure rules instantiate the principles of the X-bar schema and can be used as a guide for building PS trees
S → NP VP
NP → Det N̅
N → N ̅
VP → V̅
V̅ → V NP
The Infinity of Language: Recursive Rules
To account for the potentially limitless
number of adjectives we need a recursive rule—one that repeats itself—on N̅:
What Heads the Sentence