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GIT GENERAL SIGNS - Coggle Diagram
GIT GENERAL SIGNS
1.Acanthosis nigricans
Conditions>>Cushings syndrome, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, prostate/ovarian cancer
Elicit>>Inspect the skin, & checkthe neck,armpits,groin ,navel,forehead
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Mechanism: endocrine dysfunction, esp. insulin resistance hyperinsulinemia>>activation of insulin-like growth factor>>other growth factors(FGF) activated
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3.APTHOUS ULCERATION
Conditions>>Emotional stress, Vit B,folic acid & iron deficiency,Menstruation, viral infections
Elicit>>Inspect , begin as erythematous macules, reddish "halo" surrounds ulcer
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Mechanism>>Mucosal destruction>>T cell response, TNF& interleukins incl. Macrohages
non-contagious, non-infectious, and not
sexually transmissible.
5.CANDIDIASIS
Conditions>Pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes,AIDS,Diabetes T2
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4.ASTERIXIS
Conditions: Hepatic encephalopathy , renal failure, metabolic encephalopathy, and
Wilson’s disease
Mechanisms: interruption of the posture pathway in the rostral
reticular formation and abnormal joint proprioception
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6.Clubbing
Conditions>>Primary Biliary cirrhosis , ulcerative colitis , CHRON'S dISEASE
Elicit : Schamroth’s
window, massage for sponginess & softness of nailbed
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7.Dupytren's contracture
Condition>Thyroid problems,epilepsy,diabetes,Liver disease
Elicit>>Inspect thickening, palpate hands & wrists
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8.ECCYMOSIS
Conditions>>Trauma,amyloidosis,Vit K def,scurvy
Elicit>>Inspect for colour(black,red/blue),non-elevated, rounded, and irregular areas>>Yellow
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Mech:BVs rupture>RBCs die>Hb released>Macrophage degrade Hb>Haemo > bilirubin = bluish-red colour>Bilirubin > hemosiderin = golden-brown colour