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8 Civics and Citisenship - Coggle Diagram
8 Civics and Citisenship
Key concepts
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The Westminister system
A parliament system consisting of two chambers or houses, that is elected by the people to make laws on their belief.
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Laws
Common law
Common laws is created when a judge has to make a ruling about a case that is not covered by statutory law.
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Criminal laws
Indictable offences
Some examples of Indictable offences are drug trafficking, manslaughter and murder
Summary offences
Some examples of Summary offences are drink driving, minor assault and property damage
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Freedoms in Australia
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of assembly is being able to join a group without the government disturbing or questioning you.
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Freedom of speech
Freedom of speech is being able to say and do anything that you want as long as it is not speaking of illegal or terrorist acts.
Statutory law
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The passing of the bill
The first step is the first reading, the person who introduced the bill provides copy of the bill to every member of parliament and only the title is of the copy is given.
In the second reading the person who introduced the bill explains why the bill has been introduced. The other members of parliament are then allowed ask questions, make suggestions for changes and debate whether the bill is right to tackle the issue that it aims to address.
After having some more time to consider the details of the bill and any changes from the second reading the House of Parliament will then vote on the bill. If the majority vote to pass the bill, it will go to the senate for consideration.
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In the end the members of parliament will vote on the bill and any changes to it which if passed then goes onto the third reading.
The senate then votes and if majority votes to pass the bill it will be given to the governor general.
Courts of Australia
High Court of Australia
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Supreme court
Supreme court has the more serious criminal cases like murder, manslaughter and serious drug offences.
County/Districts courts
The cases in the county and District courts deal with criminal cases like serious assaults, sexual assaults and commercial theft.
State/Territory courts
Most cases that are held in state and territory courts is serious assault, identity frauds, burglary and drug offences.
Local/Magistrates court
The local court is for minor offences such as minor theft, criminal damage and motoring offences.
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Federal court
The federal court covers almost all civil matters, like divorce.
Magistrates court
The magistrates court deals with a range of offences such as less serious offences such as traffic infringement and minor offences like shoplifting and disorderly behaviour.
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