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Evolution, We can describe evolution as the change in adaptive features…

- - - - Examples: the resemblances between the human hand, the dolphin fin and the horse leg
        
        The best explanation for this is common ancestry
  - - - The best possible explanation is common ancestry
  - - - Examples: cows that yield more milk, sweeter corn, different types of dogs
        
        This provides evidence that selection can cause change
  - - - It shows that life on water appeared before life on land
        
        The best possible explanation is common ancestry
  - - - The best possible explanation is common ancestry
        
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        The rate of mutation: how long ago it happened and which species are related
        
        Comparing DNA sequence of the species to look for the percentage of similarity, and this is possible due to the universality of the genetic code, which also suggests that there is a common ancestor
- - - - This is a theory that has to do with religion
  - - - The Arc, so not a against creationism
- - - - Cells with a nucleus
      - Kingdom Animalia
        
        Multicellular eukaryotes that feed on others and lack cell wall
        
        Phylum Chordata
        
        Animals that have a backbone: vertebrates
        
        Class Mammalia
        
        Vertebrates that nurse their young with milk and have fur or hair
        
        Order Primates
        
        Mammals with collar bones and grasping fingers, eyes facing forward, colour vision and opposable thumbs
        
        Family Hominidae
        
        Primates with relatively flat faces and 3D vision
        
        Genus Homo
        
        2 more items...
- - - - Branching rather than a linear process
  - - - Over production
        
        Most organisms produce more young than the amount that will survive to adulthood
      - Variation in the population
        
        Genetic variation within the population which can be inherited
        
        Due to sexual reproduction, meiosis and random genetic mutations
      - Struggle for existence
        
        Competition because there is limited amount of resources and, as mentioned, there is overproduction of population, which leads to competition of survival
      - Survival of the fittest
        
        Only the organisms which are really adapted to their environment will survive
      - Advantageous characteristics passed on to the offspring
        
        Only these well adapted organisms will survive and be able to reproduce successfully, and will pass on the alleles that reproduce that produce advantageous characteristics to their offspring
      - Gradual change
        
        The population will gradually become better adapted to its environment
  - - - The Galapagos Islands and the birds