Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Classical Conditioning [Learning] - Coggle Diagram
Classical Conditioning [Learning]
definition
type of learning in which stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus
by Pavlov
Terminology & Procedures
unconditioned association
US
stimulus that evokes an unconditioned response w/o previous conditioning
UR
unlearned rxn to an US that occurs w/o previous conditioning
conditioned association
CS
previously neutral stimulus that has, through conditioning, acquired capacity to evoke a CR
CR
learned rxn to CS that occurs because of previous conditioning
weaker / less intense
Everyday Life
Conditioned Fear & Anxiety
classical conditioning
key role
shaping emotional responses
eg. fear & anxiety
phobias
irrational fears can be traced back to experiences
classical conditioning
everyday anxiety responses
less severe than phobias
products of classical conditioning
Other Conditioned Responses
classical conditioning
affects not only overt behaviors but physiological process too
eg. functioning of immune system
influenced by conditioning
influence sexual arousal
underlie development of sexual fetishes
Evaluative Conditioning of Attitudes
influence people's attitudes
evaluative conditioning
changes in the liking of a stimulus with other +ve / -ve stimuli
through classical conditioning
reduce prejudicial attitudes towards homeless
foster favorable attitudes about recycling
create more -ve attitudes twards beer drinking
Basic Processes
Acquisition
initial stage of learning a new tendency
of CS
depends on stimulus contiguity
stimulus -> contiguous
occur tgt in time & space
Extinction
gradual weakening & disappearance of a conditioned response tendency
consistent presentation of CS alone, w/o US
Spontaneous Recovery
reappearance of an extinguished response after a period of nonexposure to the CS
recovered response -> weak
renewal effect
if response is extinguished in a diff env than it was acquired, the extinguished response will reappear if the animal is returned to original env where aquisition took place
suggest extinction somehow suppress CR
Stimulus Generalization
occurs when organism that has learned a response to a specific stimulus responds in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus
depends on similarity between new stimulus and original CS
generalization gradients
similarity ↓, strength of generalization response ↓
development of panic disorders
tendency to overgeneralize
Stimulus Discrimination
occurs when an organism that has learnt a response to a specific stimulus does not respond in the same way to new stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus
gradually learn to discriminate between original CS and similar stimuli
distinctive
High-Order Conditioning
a CS functions as if it were an US
classical conditioning
does not depend on presence of natural US
established CS is fine
conditioned responses
product of HOC
extends reach of classical conditioning