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MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE - Coggle Diagram
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE
Kinematics is the study of motion of an object ignoring the agents causing the motion
When a body moves in such a way that the linear distance covered by each particle of the body is same during the motion, then the motion is said to be
translatory or translation motion
Generally the observer is considered to be the origin of the coordinate system while the place where the observer is placed is known as the
frame of reference
The path followed by a point object during its motion is called its
trajectory
REST AND MOTION
We say a body is said to be at rest when it does not change its position with respect to time
A body is said to be in motion, if it changes its position with respect to time
DISPLACEMENT AND DISTANCE
Displacement is a vector quantity, its magnitude is equal to the shortest distance between the initial and final position. {Refer graph, initial 1 and final 2}
displacement s = ∆r =ʃ dr
Distance is length of the path followed by the particle between the points 1 and 2. it is the total length travelled by a particle
D = ʃ |dr|
VELOCITY AND SPEED
To define the fastness of motion, we need to know how fast the space coordinates of a particle relative to a fixed point changes with time. We call it velocity. Apart from this, we need to know the rate at which the particle changes the length of the path which gives us the speed of the particle.
Uniform Speed
Uniform velocity
Average velocity
Average speed
INSTANTANEOUS SPEED AND VELOCITY
The magnitude of the velocity at any instant of time is known as
instantaneous speed or simply speed at that instant of time.
The instantaneous velocity is defined as the limit of the average velocity as the time interval approaches 0
v = dx/dt
ACCELERATION
Average acceleration- It is the ratio of total change in velocity to the total time taken
KINEMATIC EQUATIONS
x = u + at
x = x∗ + ut + 1/2at²
v² = u² + 2a∆x
Displacement of the particle in the n th second of its motion in uniformly accelerated motion
D = u + a/2 (2n-1)
MOTION UNDER GRAVITY
Equations of motion when a = -g
v = u - gt
s = ut - 1/2gt²
v² = u² - 2gs
Time of descent = Time of ascent in motion under gravity
RELATIVE MOTION
The relative motion of a particle A with respect to B is defined as the motion with which A appears to move if B is considered to be at rest
