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PELLETS PELLETS - Coggle Diagram
PELLETS 
DEFINITION
Pellets can be defined as small, free flowing, spherical particulates manufactured by the agglomeration of fine powders or granules of drug substances and excipients using appropriate processing equipment.
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PELLITIZATION
Pelletization is an agglomeration process, that converts fine powder blend of drugs and Excipients into small, free flowing, spherical units, referred to as pellets.
Agitation
Balling
Balling also known as spherical agglomeration is a technique in which physical mixtures of drug and excipients are converted into spherical pellets by constant tumbling or rolling motion.
Compaction
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Extrusion/Spheronization
Extrusion spheronization method is regularly utilized in pharmaceutical business for the production of evenly sized pellets. Extrusion-spheronisation is a granulation process which produces dense pellets of high sphericity and have narrow size distribution
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Layering
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Globulation
Spray drying
The drug suspension/solution is atomized into fine droplets with or without the addition of excipients, which is exposed radially to a moving steam of hot gas. The temperature of the droplets is immediately increased and fine droplets get dried, forming spherical particles.
Spray Congealing
This procedure involves formation of spherical particles by introduction of molten liquid containing drug particles which is sprayed into a cooling chamber having air at lowered temperature.
Layering process is the most convenient technique of pelletization. In this process, successive layers of drug are coated onto a nuclei, which may be a granule of the same material or inert starter seed.
MECANISM
Diffusion
On contact with aqueous fluids in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), water diffuses into the interior of the particle. Drug dissolution occurs and the drug solutions diffuse across the release coat to the exterior.
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EROSION
Some coatings can be designed to erode gradually with time, thereby releasing the drug contained within the particle.
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OSMOSIS
In allowing water to enter under the right circumstances, an osmotic pressure can be built up within the interior of the particle. The drug is forced out of the particle into the12 exterior through the coating.