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CHAPTER 2 (b) COMPUTING COMPONENT - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 2 (b) COMPUTING COMPONENT
INPUT
Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer
Software
a series of related instructions, organized for a common purpose, that tells a computer or mobile device what tasks to perform and how to perform them
Command - an instruction that causes a program or app to perform a specific action.
User Response
an instruction a user issues by responding to a message displayed by a program or app
INPUT DEVICE
KEYBOARD
An input device that contains keys you press to enter data and
instructions into a computer or mobile device
Typing Area
letters of the alphabet, numbers and punctuation marks
Function Key
special keys programmed to issue commands to a computer
Toggle Key
a key that switches between two states each time a user presses the key
caps lock and num lock
Navigation Key
arrow keys and page up/page down
Keyboard Shortcut
one or more keyboard keys that you press to perform an operating system or application-related task
Media Control Button
allow you to control a media player program, access the computer’s optical disc drive, and adjust speaker volume
Internet Control Button
allow you to run an email application, run a browser, and search the web
TYPE OF KEYBOARD
Standard Keyboard
typically have from 101 to 105 keys, which include function keys along the top and a numeric keypad on the right
Compact Keyboard
which is smaller than a standard keyboard and usually does not include the numeric keypad or navigation keys
On - Screen or Virtual Keyboard
Ergonomic Keyboard
has a design that reduces the chance of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) of wrist and hand
Gaming Keyboard
a keyboard designed specifically for users who enjoy playing games on the computer
POINTING DEVICES
pointer is a small symbol on the screen whose location and
shape change as a user moves a pointing device
MOUSE
A pointing device that fits under the palm of your hand comfortably
An optical mouse uses optical sensors
A laser mouse uses laser sensors
Touch Mouse
a touch-sensitive mouse that recognizes touch gestures
detecting movement of the mouse and traditional click and scroll operations
TOUCHPAD
A small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion
TRACKBALL
A stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side
About the size of a Ping-Pong ball
TOUCH SCREEN
A touch-sensitive display
Gesture
a motion you make on a touch screen with the tip of one or more fingers or your hand
Multi - Touch
touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time
PEN INPUT
STYLUS
A small metal or plastic device that looks like a tiny ink pen but uses pressure instead of ink
To capture a handwritten signature, a user writes his or her name on a signature capture pad with a stylus that is attached to the device
DIGITAL PEN
An input device that captures and converts a user’s handwriting or drawings into a digital format, which users can upload (transfer) to a computer or mobile device
Handwriting recognition software
Most often are used for taking notes
GRAPHIC TABLET
Also called a digitizer
An electronic plastic board that detects and converts movements of a stylus or digital pen into digital signals that are sent to the computer
Architects, mapmakers, designers and artists
MOTION INPUT
Sometimes called gesture recognition
Air gestures involve moving your body or a handheld input device through the air
VOICE INPUT
The process of entering input by speaking into a microphone
Voice Recognition
also called speech recognition
the computer or mobile device’s capability of distinguishing spoken words
Task - Based Instruction
Setting an alarm
Entering a calendar appointment
Making a call
AUDIO INPUT
The process of entering any sound into the computer, such as speech, music, and sound effects
Record live music and other sound
effects into a computer by connecting external music device
Music production software allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds
VIDEO INPUT
The process of capturing full-motion images and storing them on a computer or mobile device’s storage medium
Digital Video (DV) Camera
records video as digital signals, which you can transfer directly to a computer or mobile device with the appropriate connection
WEBCAM
Enables you to capture video and still images,
and usually audio input, for viewing or manipulation on a computer or mobile device
Streaming Cam
has the illusion of moving images because it sends a continual stream of still images
SCANNERS AND READING DEVICES
OPTICAL SCANNER
A light-sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form the computer can process
It creates a file of the document in memory
The quality of a scanner is measured by its resolution
OCR (optical character recognition) Software
can read and convert text documents into electronic files
OPTICAL READER
A device that uses a light source to read characters, marks, and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process
Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
include a small optical scanner for reading characters and sophisticated software to analyze what is read
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
read hand-drawn marks, such as small circles or rectangles
BAR CODE READER
An optical reader that uses laser beams to read bar codes
Bar Code
identification code that consists of either a set of vertical lines and spaces of different widths or a two-dimensional pattern of
dots, squares, and other images
The United States Postal Service (USPS) uses a POSTNET bar code
Retail and grocery stores use the UPC (Universal Product Code) bar code
QR Code
quick response code
known as a 2-D bar code
it stores information in both a vertical and horizontal direction
RFID READER
Radio Frequency Identification
A technology that uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person
An RFID reader reads information on the tag via radio waves
Tracking payment as vehicles pass through booths on tollway systems
MAGSTRIPE READER
Short for magnetic stripe card reader
Reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit cards, entertainment cards, bank cards, identification cards
Most magstripe readers are separate devices that communicate with a POS (point-of-sale) terminal
MICR READER
Magnetic - Ink Character Recognition
Read text printed with magnetized ink
The banking industry almost exclusively uses MICR for check processing
Each check in your checkbook has precoded MICR characters beginning at the lower-left edge