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History of education in Ecuador, José_Eloy_Alfaro_Delgado,…
History of education in Ecuador
Historical Background
Formal education began a century after the Spanish arrival approximately in the year 1550 at the Colegio San Andrés in Quito.
It was created to provide basic education to the indigenous people but was closed some time later due to lack of support from the Spanish crown.
In the presidency of Eloy Alfaro, Ecuador was able to see the emergence of a different system that did not have the interference of the church at all.
In 1884, the Ministry of Public Instruction was created as the governing body of Ecuadorian education.
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador (2008), the State shall guarantee free education at all levels.
Today, education in Ecuador is regulated by the Ministry of Education and is divided into:
public or fiscal
municipal and private
secular or religious
Hispanic or intercultural bilingual
Levels
General Basic Education
Basic Preparatory (Sub-level 1)
Corresponds to 1st degree of E.G.B. and is preferably offered to students 5 years of age.
Basic Elementary (Sub-level 2)
Corresponds to 2nd., 3rd. and 4th. degrees of E.G.B. and is preferably offered to students 6 to 8 years of age.
Basic Medium (Sub-level 3)
Corresponds to 5th., 6th. and 7th. degrees of E.G.B. and is preferably offered to students between the ages of 9 and 11.
Basic Superior (Sub-level 4)
Corresponds to 8º., 9º. and 10th. degrees of E.G.B. and is preferably offered to students 12-14 years of age.
Unified general baccalaureate
Bachelor of Science
They are common subjects, complementary training is offered in scientific-humanistic areas.
Technical Baccalaureate
They are common subjects, it offers complementary training in technical, artisan, sports or artistic areas that allow students to enter the labor market and initiate social or economic entrepreneurship activities.
Educational Programs (2017-2020)
Literacy - 2nd to 3rd EGB (10 months)
Post Literacy - 4th to 7th EGB (20 months)
Basic Superior Intensive - 8th to 10th EGB (11 months)
Initial education
Initial or Preschool Education is the process of accompaniment to the integral development of children under 5 years of age
Characteristics
Limited access to education and lack of equity
Low quality of education, little relevance of the curriculum and weak application of the
new information and communication technologies
Lack of financing strategies and poor quality of spending
Insufficient infrastructure and equipment, inadequate and lacking cultural identity
Difficulties in the governance of the sector and lack of a system of accountability
accounts of all actors in the system
It is mandatory, participatory, inclusive, intercultural and diverse
Organization
Since the organization of Ecuador as a Republic in 1830, all of the country's Constitutions have established the mandatory promotion of public education.
Since 1946, the Political Constitutions of the Ecuadorian State have consolidated the achievements since the origins of the Republic.
Incorporating new criteria for the development of society and the world.
Institutionally of the Ecuadorian Educational System
The Ministry of Education and Culture is the governing body of education in Ecuador.
The Institutional Values of the Ministry are: Honesty, Justice, Respect, Peace, Solidarity, Responsibility, Pluralism.
Legal Foundation of the Ecuadorian Educational System
The main legal basis for education in Ecuador is the National Constitution.
It establishes all the precepts in educational matters framed in the Rule of Law.
The Education Plan Decenal 2006-2015 was a strategic instrument for the management of the National Education System.
The fulfillment of the goals of this plan aims at a quality public education.
It is important to note that this Plan Decenal addressed the main problems of public education as of 2006.
