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Negotiations of Identities - Coggle Diagram
Negotiations of Identities
Identities
the ongoing construction and performance of identities in multilingual contexts
the negotiation of identities which takes place only when certain identities are contested
Positioning theory [Davies & Harre, 1990]
to bring together the views of identity as located in discourses and as situated in narratives
Positioning theory:
the process by which selves are located in conversation as observably and subjectively coherent participants in jointly produced story lines, informed by particular discourses.
Interactive positioning: assumes one individual positioning the other
Reflective positioning: the process of positioning oneself
instances of reflective positioning are often contested by others and many individuals find in a perpetual tension between self-chosen identities and others' attempt to position them differently
an interplay between reflective positioning (self-representation) and interactive positioning, whereby others attempt to position ore reposition particular individuals or groups
David & Harre's concept of positioning theory is about conversational phenomenon
it is expanded to all discursive practices which may position individuals in particular ways or allow individuals to position themselves
Negotiation of identities in multilingual contexts [Aneta Pavlenko, Adrian Blackledge, 2004]
Three types of identities
imposed identities:
which are not negotiable in a particular time and space
identities that individuals cannot resist or contest at a particular point in time
Nazi identified people as Jews
assumed identities:
which are accepted and not negotiated
those that many individuals are comfortable with and not interested in contesting
the ones most valued and legitimized by the dominant discourses of identity
heterosexual middle-class males, monolingual speakers of the majority language people
negotiable identities:
which are contested by groups and individuals
all identity options which can be contested and resisted by particular individuals and groups
All three categories acquire a particular status within unique sociohistorical circumstances
options that are acceptable for, and therefore, not negotiated by some groups or individuals, may be contested by another group, or even the same group at a different point in time
identities considered to be negotiable at present may have been assumed or non-negotiable 100 years ago