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Theories of Language acquisition in relation to beginning reading…
Theories of Language acquisition in relation to beginning reading instruction
Cognitive Theories
Fodor (1966), Slobin (1966a, 196613)
Certain skills of the child are developed
Mental ability to retain
items in short-term memory
Cognitive ability
deal with the world
Children aren't born with a set of
categories, but with some kind of process mechanism
SLOBIN
Semantic criteria can be the basis of grammatical categories
Pre-programing
Ability to learn categories of a certain type not yet specified.
Llearner's an active participant in learning, not a relatively passive reactor.
language development seem to be linked to variables such as increased ability to perform a number of operations in a short time
Cromer (1968)
Point-in-time reference begin to occur regularly around age from 4 to 4.5 for each child.
The child has greatly expanded his range of temporal reference.
Ability to express events
The child discovers that he can free himself from the immediate situation and the real order of events
Can imagine himself at other times and see events from that perspective
Sinclair-de-Zwart (1968) states
that "linguistic universals exist precisely because thought structures are universal"
Schlesinger states that linguistic structures are “. . . determined by the innate child's cognitive ability "
Behavioristic Theories
Empirical study
Observable behavior
Control and predict it
Analyze a way to achieve it
How it influences on education
Ivan Pavlov
School of higher nervous activities
Conditioned Reflexes
John B. Watson Behaviorism
B.F. Skinner's
Inductive Behaviorism
Radical Behaviorism
Albert Bandura
Theory of Social Learning
Nativist Theories
Lenneberg (1967) proposes a theory of language acquisition
Nanocephalic dwarfism
Language development in children
Congenitally caused abnormal language development
Language development in children and congenitally caused abnormal language development
Emphisizes on the development of the organism's capacities and maturity
Language emerges during developments
Physiologically
Motor
Neural
Anatomically
Cognitive
Maturation
Learn a language is an innate ability
The child "resonates" with the language during acquisition process
Language acquisition between the ages of two and twelve
Language acquisition's a natural activity
Chomsky (1957, 1965)
What intrinsic properties must a device have, a language acquisition?
Device (LAD), possess to acquire such a corpus grammar
of statements
We can easily postulate that children and LAD come to
the same grammar from the same corpus
McNeill
Against the importance of the frequency of
stimuli in language acquisition
Theories that require imitation
Generative-transformational grammar may not be linguistically sound.
McNeill (1966, 1968, 1970a, 1970b)
Whoever wishes to study the problem of language acquisition must begin with a knowledge.
Children must acquire a generative-transformational grammar
Explains a known phenomenon
