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PIMUN 2021 Jordan Security Council s resources, main ideas and etc to…
PIMUN 2021
Jordan Security Council s resources, main ideas and etc to not forget :)
May 15, 1948
Ensure the safety and stability of the region.
First Arab War - Israel 1948
Events:
May 14 1948 4pm
Israel declared it's independence
29 November 1947
The UN signes the Israel / Palestine partition (Resolution 181)
Inmediat confrontations and violence surged
May 15 1948
Palestine declared it's independence
May 1946
Transjordan declare it's independence
May 15 1948
First Arab War - Israel started
April 1949
Transjordan annexed West Bank and East Jerusalem
January 1946
Syria was recognized as independent
??? 1941
Syria proclammed it's independence
May 15 1948 0am
Britain end it's control in
Palestine
Transjordan became Jordan
??? 1967
Jordan lost West Bank due to be defeated by Israel
April 9 1948
Israeli Massacre of Dayr Yāsīn near Jerusalem
September 1945
Ends the WWII
??? 1945
Beginning of the Cold War
Arab attack in a hospital of Jerusalem
May 1916
Sykes Picot Agreement: signed by UK and Fance and aproved by Russian Empire
1917
Ottoman Empire dies, UK wins
??? 1917
Russian Empire dies Communism wins
May 16 1948
Egypt, Transjordan, Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon occupied Southern and Sastern Palestine
Then captured East Jerusalem, including the small Jewish quarter
Refugees imigrations rates rose in the neighbor countries :v (+ than 10 000)
Early 1949
Israel has won a lot of territories
Several armed conflicts arrived between both nations the following years
1941
Iran is invaded by URSS and UK and gets communism
1946
Iran with help of US defeat URSS
May 29 1948
SC made a resolution to spread security
March 1945
The Arab League is created
1920
Allied Powers assign UK to have control in Palestine and Transjordan
May 1947
UNscoP was born
1923
Lausanne is signed
Ends of 1947
Arab league forms a military committee pro-Palestine
July 1951
Abdullah I (king of Jordan) is killed in Jerusalem
Before March 1948 (?
Transjordan controls West Bank
February 9 1948
Arab Legion absorbs Transjordan frontier's force
1956
Second Arab-Israeli war started
Ends of 1920
(Transjordan's) Arab Legion was born
November 1918
WWI ends
September 1935
WWII begins
May 15 1948
The Arab League declares the Palestinian invasion
December 1947
Arab Liberation Army is created
May 14 1948 night
Jordan, Egypt, Syria and Lebanon invaded Palestine
1917
UK created the
Balfour Declaration
Arab protests surged
December 1949
Fundation of UNRWA
A lot of Jewish inmigrants went to Israel, ingluding the expelled ones that came from the Arab countries
1939
UK creates the White Paper
1932
Iraq becomes independent
1946
UK turned the Palestine problem over to the UN.
1946
League of Nations was passing its power to UN
February 1945
Happened the Yalta Conference
In WWI, Ottomans were agaisn UK and France
Country's positions:
Israel really hates Palestine
Palestine really hates Israel
Israel likes:
*USA
*URSS
*(No one more recognises it)
Palestine likes:
*Egypt
*Transjordan
Lebanon, Iraq and Syria (and maybe Yemen) were a bit communists
Egypt and Palestine less
However, communism was against traditions, religion(?), potitics and society; in spite they were very exposed then..
Transjordan 1948
Transjordan is controlled by the Hashemite
/ 'ha:ʃimi:/
dinasty
In which the king was Abdullah I
(he died in 1951 in Jerusalem)
Who had a image of a notorious agent of UK
Who wanted to annex Arab Palestine and the Great Syria
...with the help of the Arab Legion (of transjordan)
Which was created by the Brittish in 1923 to protect transjordanians
Then, Brittish felt embarrased by the use of their officers there
But not to make them independent states
This alarmed the Arab leaders
UK wanted it ASAP, USA wanted to wait a bit more
Who was the 1st ruler Jordan ever had
You are
Muslim
(with the rest of the Middle East) and
Capitalist
(with Saudi Arabia)
92% Sunni Muslims
6% Christians
1% Shia Muslims
islamic values: tolerance, justice and equality
Jordan is very diverse because of their different cultures
Transjordan helped the Palestine refugees, received Most of the refugees settled in the main Jordanian towns (Amman, Irbid, Zarqa and Salt) and in the Jordan Valley. Despite the difficulties involved in living in exile,
most of those refugees who received assistance managed to find relatively stable living
quarters, while others, who had until then been forced to sleep outdoors, in caves or in various public place
s, were gathered together to be housed in temporary refugee camps managed jointly by the Red Cross and the Jordanian authorities
to relieve the suffering of the most vulnerable homeless refugees.and the
"Jordan has always been the Arab country most concerned with the Palestine cause and its various developments".
Links
h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsGiQsi7Vcg
What’s the crisis in Jordanian Hashemite royal family, what’s Jordan's history & why it matters
Country Research
https://international.visitjordan.com/
a cool page about Jordan: religion, culture, etc.
https://www.britannica.com/place/Jordan/Economy
jordan economy and other things
https://www.britannica.com/place/Jordan/Government-and-society
government and society
segurity, arts, muy rika history,
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/04/jordans-neighbors-and-allies-voice-support-over-its-security-moves.html
Jordans allies
h ttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsiwNhkDBhQ
history of da region (images)
https://polandball.fandom.com/wiki/Jordanball
not very trustable source but it might help - Jordan
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1M7XIU3KwblLMhhwk7noV9Umzg2F5s0Af/view
the SC study guide
historia
https://jordan.un.org/en/about/about-the-un
jordan page in the UN
Israel
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/international-recognition-of-israel
Countries that recognises Israel
https://www.thedailybeast.com/do-palestinians-really-exist
LOS PALESTINOS EXISTEN :V?
Legal weas
https://unispal.un.org/DPA/DPR/unispal.nsf/0/6B76F035CD9C4A36852560C200599BB7
May 1948's || 50 resolution of the SC
https://unispal.un.org/DPA/DPR/unispal.nsf/0/7F0AF2BD897689B785256C330061D253
November 1947's || 108 resolution of the UN
https://www.britannica.com/topic/United-Nations-Resolution-181
108 resolution summarize :vV
Jordan
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249874745_Fauzi_al-Qawuqji_and_the_Arab_Liberation_Army_in_the_1948_War_toward_the_Attainment_of_King_Abdallah%27s_Political_Ambitions_in_Palestine
Jordan's interests in west bank
https://www.jstor.org/stable/4283524
jordan wants to conquer y 'all
https://www.revistavanityfair.es/realeza/galerias/asi-se-desenvuelve-en-instagram-el-futuro-rey-de-jordania/11238/image/657650
el casi insta del principe y su futuro ahre
https://www.france24.com/es/medio-oriente/20210404-jordania-crisis-reinado-abdala-acusaciones-principe-hamzah
crisis in the family jskskskc Aa
https://books.openedition.org/ifpo/5014?lang=es
AYUDA A PALESTINOS .V
"Jordan has always been the Arab country most concerned with the Palestine cause and its various developments".
https://portal.jordan.gov.jo/wps/portal/Home/GovernmentEntities/Ministries/Ministry/Ministry%20of%20Foreign%20Affairs/Department%20of%20Palestinian%20Affairs/!ut/p/z0/fczBCoJAEMbxV9EHiBGx7ouZJG6kBdleYg67NmSzsjsEvX126tbx4__jAwMDGMYXjSjkGadlX83mporqvM5qte_yvshUeyiruu2brs_hZBkaMP_R8pIHXeoRzIxyXxE7D4MmpijhnXiX7HywNHKinEMKEYatnTHI07J88xEnG2Xx-CPzo74olaYfEN4-bg!!/
Middle East:
https://previews.123rf.com/images/frizio/frizio1406/frizio140600030/47962646-middle-east-map-with-flags.jpg
map of middle east
pendent resources
https://withoutapath.com/jordan-middle-east-travel-video/
idk pero se ve muy util :))
investiga q chch es --- jabal shammar - hejaz - nejd - uar - isis - arab federation
--
Investiga q es Middle East Treaty Organisation
Investiga sobre security council middle east
investiga las aciones del security council may 1948
investiga a fondo palestine brittish independence
https://www.e-ir.info/2014/01/15/what-were-the-causes-and-consequences-of-the-1948-arab-israeli-war-2/
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/18/short-answer-why-is-the-united-states-so-pro-israel
https://www.britannica.com/place/Palestine/The-Arab-Revolt#ref478993
unscop
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0968344517725541
the Conduct of Operations: Glubb Pasha, the Arab Legion, and the First Arab–Israeli War
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249874745_Fauzi_al-Qawuqji_and_the_Arab_Liberation_Army_in_the_1948_War_toward_the_Attainment_of_King_Abdallah%27s_Political_Ambitions_in_Palestine
https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/foreignpolicy/mfadocuments/yearbook1/pages/5%20arab%20league%20declaration%20on%20the%20invasion%20of%20pales.aspx
Others
Arab League
Creates the Arab Liberation Army (ALA)
It's obejctive was to get 10000 warriors voluntariesbut they got 6000
They entered to Palestine from Transjordan in return of Transjordan's Palestine annexion (?)
The stated purpose of the invasion was to restore law and order in light of British withdrawal
They were created to prevent King Abdullah I°'s objectives (?)
Their objective was to fight the Jews and they declared them war
Their objective was to prevent the presence of Arab armies into Palestine (?)
They were irregular (?)
It was under control of al-Qawuqji
Who escaped from UK to Transjordan with the help of the king Abdullah I in 1936
They were against the partition
The soldiers were trained in Syria
Syria didn't allowed the UN to continue with the partition
Arab leaders supported this actions
They wanted to prevent the partition more than to fight Jews
It members were Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Yemen
Formed in Cairo in 1945
Israel
It is hebrew :v and kinda against Palestinians and Arabs
It has the Israel Defence Forces (IDF)
Which has fight with the Arab Legion
Apparently they respect the other religions :v
Formed and "legalized" by using selfish arguments
Used Resolution 181 and the Balfour as a key of independence
Likes capitalism
It was a tool to contain Soviet influences in the Middle East (idk how that would work but ok :v)
In 1917 wanted both sides of the Jordan river
Very Zionists
Made a "ethnic cleansing", 10 000 Palestinians migrated
Since 1939, more than 118 000 of Jewish started to immigrate illegally
https://www.cjpme.org/fs_181
Also, there were Jewish that went to Palestine as turists and never went back to their native countries.
Egypt
Is part of the Arab League
Invaded Palestine
The Egyptian Foreign Minister informed the Security Council that
"Egyptian armed forces have started to enter Palestine to establish law and order"
Palestine
The overwhelming majority of the population of Palestine were Arabs. There was in it a small minority of Jews that
enjoyed the same rights and bore the same responsibilities as the [other] inhabitants, and did not suffer any ill-treatment on account of its religious beliefs
. The holy places were inviolable and the freedom of access to them was guaranteed.
They were called like that by the Ottomans
It had a question (yes)
, which is practically this problem :v
Had a mandatory which was hated by UK due to the conflicts
Had a Arab Higher Committee, conformed by Arab Palestinians
Israel vs Palestine alone would be a total fail to Palestine
In 1942, their population was about 61% Muslim, 30% Jewish, 8% Christian
In 1948, its population was about less than 700 000 Jewish and more than 1 300 000 of the rest
UK
Prometed freedom but conquer istead >:v
Signed Sykes Picot treatment
Released Iraq, Jordan and Palestine
Thought a Jew state was necesary then
Created the White Paper
The Allied Powers assigned UK to control Palestine
In Palestine, they were given a double mandate
One for Palestinians
One for the International community
They created a Jewish Home
UK hated Palestine mandate (bc the uprising conflicts) and decided that the UN will care of it.
Created the Balfour Declaration in 1917
"UK is in favour to the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, but that nothing should be done to prejudice the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine."
Didn't want to create a Jewish state, and
this was talked with the Jewish leaders
UNSC
Welcome the White Papel
it was impossible both to concede the Arab claim to self-government and to secure the establishment of the Jewish national home’.
Created by UK in 1939
In where UK didn't wanted to make Palestine a Arab or Jew state but 1 for all
Something that Arabs liked but Jews not
This limitaded Jewish immigrations for 5 years and would require Arab consent
Welcome the Resolution 181
Countries againt:
Afghanistan, Cuba, Egypt, Greece, India, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Yemen.
Which divided Palestine into 2 independent states: a Jewish one and a Palestinian Arab one
Plus, Jerusalem would be international
This was interpreted as Jewish independence, when it was not
5 permanent members:
China
UK
France
URSS
USA
And they can impede
any desition
Created the UNSCOP
United Nations' Special Committee on Palestine
Investigated the cause of the conflict in Palestine
Presented a Plan of Partition
with an economic union (?
Something that Jews liked but none of the Arabs liked that
However, it won!
It was indeed unfair to Arabs
USA
1 of the only 2 countries that recognised Israel as a country in 1948
A beach basically
Blocks constantly UNSC's actions that are against Israel
Supports Israel's attacks publicly
Gives billion of dollars to Israel every year
In love with Israel because
it wants a basis in that region
wanted to stop Soviet influences in the Middle East
It wanted to approach and influence the regional politics
being very hypocritical btw
At the beginning agaisnt Israel (? and with UK and France
A peace broker
Looks like morally USA's leaders don't want to be beaches
QARMAS
3.
Taking into account the risk of weapon proliferation in the region, what counter-measures can be taken into account in order to prevent the rise of violent-non state actors? (DONE 3)
4.
What programs can the International Community implement in order to foster state capacity building in the region? (DONE 3 ??)
How can we ensure economic, political and social prosperity in the aftermath of the conflict? (DONE 1 ??)
2.
How can the United Nations Security Council maintain its peacekeeping mission in the midst of this imminent war? (DONE 3)
5.
How can the United Nations Security Council ensure compliance to the resolutions passed on this topic? (DONE 3)
1.
Should the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine be amended? (DONE 1)
If so, what should be changed about the current partition plan? (DONE 1)
6.
What type of mechanisms can the UN activate in order to ensure the safety of civilians and prevent the further division of Jews and Arabs in the area? (DONE 2)
SOLUTIONS
The UN particion plan must be amended because
It had an unfair partition, taking into account that
the Jewish population living in Palestine in 1948 was only about 33% of the total population
We would say that this "error" is the main source of war and violence in the region now
Arab Palestinians have only received the 43% of their land
Recognize Israel as a country, in exchange to modify their boundaries
UN only took into account Israeli approval, being the only one in the region
The new organization must be composed as this: (shows a map to not be super troll :v)
The New Israel would be with the provinces of Beersheba and Hebron, and the New Palestine would be with the rest of provinces. Jerusalem would be international.
This purpose will obviously be able to be modified if the participant countries believes if. And Transjordan will be totally opened to it.
Considering that most refugees come fron those areas.
https://books.openedition.org/ifpo/5014?lang=es
Invite Israel to the Arab League
1 in 6 Jewish citizens came illegaly and most "turist" never went back to their homeland
Implement the Transjordanian values
Implement the Islamic values: tolerance, justice and equality
The Transjordanian teachers will be trained by the UN and given by Transjordan as a gift to the recent created states (Palestine and Israel).
And these will be taught though TV news, newspapers articles, schools, campains, places of worship (sinagogues, mosques, etc), among other crowded places.
Implement peaceful and respectful coexistence camp programs between Palestinians and Israelis
as well as law and order.
This in order to stop the nocive Zionist thinking and the Jewish's ethnic cleansing,
Respect our diverses cultures
Make that the current citizens from these 2 countries have both Palestinian and Israeli nacionalities
Stop the discrimination to the Palestinian refugees in
all
the region
to have lasting peace
Ensure our peacekeeping mision
Prohibite the usage of weapons among the citizens in Israel, Palestine, and the neighbor countries
and create organs such as the Middle East Treaty Organization (METO)
Immediately stop fire
Give help, secure and asist all the immigrants as possible (especially the neighbor countries)
urges to
create the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA)
contact the Red Cross
create special organs such as Transjordan's the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Take advantage of the present armies to ensure peace, security and order among Israeli and Palestinian citizens
as well as the promises both countries would take
Immediatly stop the war
