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Gerunds and infinitives - Coggle Diagram
Gerunds and infinitives
G & I function as
subjects
,
objects
, and
subject complements
in sentences.
Subject
Sharing
tasks with co-workers is helpful
What is helpful? :arrow_right: Sharing
Direct object of a verb
I avoid
calling
the doctor too often
What are you avoiding? :arrow_right: Calling
Gerund or infinitive?
Verbs that can only be followed by gerunds.
(
Emotions
:smiley:) Enjoy, feel like, dislike, celebrate, detest, mind, endure, miss, resent, resist, tolerate.
(
Bye bye or stop
:black_flag:) Finish, give up, prohibit, quit, escape, avoid, deny, report, discontinue, risk.
(
Dear teacher
:male-student:) Complete, delay, explain, practice, recommend, suggest, support, understand, advise, justify, keep, mention, propose, postpone.
1 more item...
Verbs that can only be followed by infinitives.
(
Deal!
:check:) Agree, arrange, afford, decide, plan, prepare, promise, consent, claim.
(
Quest
:question:) Ask, choose, request, hesitate, refuse.
(
Want
:<3:) Attempt, can't wait, care, deserve, need, offer, pretend, volunteer, wait, want, would like, wish, yearn, hope, intend, expect.
1 more item...
Can be followed by either.
(
Process
:recycle:) Start, begin, continue, try.
(
Tearjerker
:cry:) Can't stand, like, love, hate, pefer.
With a change in meaning.
Forget (+gerund):
Forget something that happened.
(+ infinitive):
Forget something that needs to be done.
Regret (+gerund):
Regret a past action.
(+infinitive):
Regret having to inform someone about an atcion.
Remember(+gerund):
Remember something that happened.
(+infinitive):
Remember sth that needs to be done.
1 more item...
Subject complements
Our dream is
to make
a trip to Africa next year
To state a fact or opinion
ALWAYS with an impersonal IT + infinitive
It's a good day
to meet
the new boss.
Purpose of an action
We used an insect repellent
to avoid
mosquito bites.
To modify an adjective with too or enough
They were
too late to make
the plane to Boston, but they were
early enough to catch
the bus.
NOT... enough elderly.
Prepositions can be followed by gerunds, not by infinitives.
Adjectives can be followed by infinitives, not by gerunds.