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Cell Biology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - complex
      - e.g. all plant and animal cells
      - made up of eukaryotic cells
    - - smaller and simpler
      - e.g. bacteria cells
      - made up of prokaryotic cells (single celled organism)
- - - - multicellular organisms use this to grow, replace damaged cells and repair their body
    - - in a cell that is not dividing the DNA is spread out in the form of long string.
      - before division the cell has to grow and increase the amount of subcellular structures e.g. mitochondria, ribosomes.
      - finally it duplicates its DNA so that there is one copy for each new cell.
    - - once the DNA is copied the cell is ready for mitosis.
      - the chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell and the cell fibers pull them apart.the two arms of the chromosomes go to opposite sides of the cell.
      - Membranes form around the sets of chromosomes (these will be the nuclei of the two cells) the nucleus has divided.
      - finally the cytoplasm and cell membrane divides, the cell now has produced two new daughter cells that contain the exact same DNA (identical to parent cell).
- - - - in industrial conditions, the organisms are incubated at much higher temps so they can grow quicker.
- - - - these stem cells can only turn into a select few types of cells
    - - these can then be differentiated into specialised cells to use in medicine or research.