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Chapter 4 Environmental Factors and its Relationship with Animals and…
Chapter 4 Environmental Factors and its Relationship with Animals and Plants
Algal bloom
Definition
The explosive growth of algae due to an overabundance of nutrients.
Mechanism
(1) Chemicals from pesticides and insecticides seep through the soil and enter the water.
(2) The level of nitrogen and phosphorus increases,
(3) The algae grows exponentially due to the increasing nutrients.
(4) The algae end up absorbing all the oxygen, driving away or killing other aquatic life.
Examples
Algal bloom at Lake Erie
https://nbc24.com/news/local/algal-bloom-forecast-show-mild-numbers-for-lake-erie
Algal bloom at Utah Lake
https://www.kuer.org/podcast/news-briefs/2021-07-21/am-news-brief-utah-lake-algal-bloom-zion-road-closure-federal-drought-dollars
Pink waters at Sentosa Cove may be caused by algal bloom
https://www.malaymail.com/news/singapore/2021/01/15/sentosa-coves-pink-waters-could-be-caused-by-algae-bloom-due-to-recent-heav/1940596
Biomagnification
Definition
Increase of contaminant accumulation throughout the entire food chain.
Usually accumulates in the organs of each organism and is passed on to the next trophic level.
Mostly involves heavy metals.
Example
Heavy metals reaching seafood such as sushi
https://www.newfoodmagazine.com/news/153397/sushi-heavy-metals/
Bioaccumulation
Definition
Increase of contaminant concentration in a single organism via trophic transfer.
Usually accumulates in the adipose tissue of an organism.
Example
Plastic waste accumulating in the fat of organisms
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-18849-y