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GEOFFREY CHAUCER, IRONY, RHYME, Pilgrims = wide cross-section of 14th…
GEOFFREY CHAUCER
LIFE
- father : wealthy wine merchant in London
- when a boy page to Princess Elizabeth, daughter-in-law of the king Edward III
- fought in France during the Hundred Years' War
- captured and held prisoner until the king ransomed him
- took part in the peace negotiations with France in 1360
- served the king well and granted a life pension
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WORKS
- early works based largely on French models
- 1369 Book of the Duchess: allegorical lament on the death of Blanche, wife of John of Gaunt, his patron
influence of Italian literature, particularly by the works of Boccaccio and Dante
Works
- The Parlement of Foules medieval beast fable which tells of the mating of fowls on St Valentine's Day believed to celebrate betrothal of Richard II to Anne of Bohemia
- The House of Fame recounts the adventures of Aeneas after the fall of Troy and was influenced by Dante's Divine Comedy
- Troilus and Criseyde combines an episode from the Iliad and elements of Boccaccio's version of the same episode. Considered one of great love poems.
- The legend of Good Women looks at love from a female point of view and recounts stories of women such as Cleopatra.
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IRONY
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used to criticise a subject indirectly. Chaucer often pretends to sympathise with character when he is, in fact, exposing the weaknesses
he gives the impression that he is charmed by the ladylike manners and sophisticated appearance of the Prioress.
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2 levels of meaning
A superficial level at which Chaucer expresses his admiration for the Prioress and a deeper level at which he playfully makes fun of her
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RHYME
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iambic pentameter
most common rhyme pattern in English poetry, first used by Chaucer
heroic couplets
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pattern of rythm and rhyme very popular used by Shakespeare, Pope, Dryden
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