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Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance - Coggle Diagram
Infrared Spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Infrared Spectroscopy
How does it work?
bonds between atoms vibrate at different frequencies depending on strength of bond and mass of atoms; polyatomic molecules include many vibrations
infrared radiation detects and measures vibrations to identify functional groups
sample exposed to a number of frequencies in infrared band of EM spectrum
bonds will absorb specific frequencies; used to determine groups
What does it determine about inorganic substances
the bonds that constitute it
Benefits and Limitations
Can't be used to determine the entire structure of a complex system
Identifying the presence of a functional group
Highly accurate; determining frequency of functional group
Examples of its application in industry
Detecting impurities for quality assessment
Assessing the risks of a particular substance given the presence of dangerous isomers
Determining an unknown substance at a crime scene
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
How does it work?
Matter placed in a magnetic field. Nuclei with odd number of nucleons will spin to an unaligned level; only when waves have exact frequency to match resonance of nuclei
Nuclei will eventually return to stable level, releasing energy equal to difference between aligned and unaligned state, which can be detected and graphed to identify isomers
Also determine proximity of electron clouds to nucleus; more energy required when cloud closer
What does it determine about inorganic substances?
Which isomers are present
Nature of electron cloud; distance from the nucleus
What are the benefits and limitations of its use?
Non destructive analysis
Requiring small volumes
Expensive
New technology; may have unknown issues
time taking
limited qualitative results
Examples of its application in industry
MRIs for medical diagnosis
purity determination
Identifying structure of substances
