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Ming Dynasty 1368-1644, Chinese main teachings affect Chinese philosophy…

- - - - The Ming Dynasty had several religious inclinations, but the dominant religious beliefs during that time were Taoism (also Daoism) and Buddhism. Some people believed in having a harmonious relationship with nature.
        
        Most Ming literature in both prose and poetry was traditional, imitative, and old-fashioned. It was in the vernacular literature of the period that writers made significant contributions.The dramatic form ch'uan-chi (tales of marvels) became popular.Ming rule introduced a period of cultural restoration and expansion, leading to a widespread renewal of traditional types of art, such as Chinese pottery (notably the blue and white Chinese porcelain)
        
        Ming farmers also introduced many innovations such as water-powered plows, and new agricultural methods such as crop rotation. This led to a massive agricultural surplus that became the basis of a market economy. The Ming saw the rise of commercial plantations that produced crops suitable to their regions.
        
        The increased trade during the Ming Dynasty led to an exchange of technological and cultural ideas.The Ming Dynasty banned foreign trade in 1430 after Zhenghe's voyage, sending China into a period of isolationism (policy of avoiding contact with other countries), which, by the 1800's, made them too weak to stop the influence to Chinese affairs from the westerners.
- - - - Established by Mongol invaders Kublai Khan ruling from his new capital now called Khanbaliz (site of Beijing)
        
        A map of Yuan dynasty
        
        Yuan came up with the devastating gunpowder bomb and the larger barrel that was required to fire it.
        Teapot was invented to steep tea leaves.
        
        Tibetan Buddhism was made the official religion of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China
        
        The first mentions of movable type in Chinese literature are documented in a book of essays that is dated to the year 1088.In Yuan poetry, qu was the main development, which was used among other poetic forms by most of the famous Yuan poets.
        
        The first mentions of movable type in Chinese literature are documented in a book of essays that is dated to the year 1088.
        
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        Throughout the Yuan Dynasty, Mongol emperors of China relied on Confucianism to make themselves more and more Chinese, because Confucianism was one of the most ancient and respected purely Chinese traditions
        
        In fact, Buddhism has played a major role in shaping the way Chinese people think
        
        During the Song-Yuan period, the "four great inventions" in science and technology of the Chinese people in ancient times - papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder - were further developed and introduced to foreign countries, making great contributions to world civilization
    - - A map of Song dynasty
        
        a glorious period of artistic and literary production and technological inventions
        
        1050 Block printing invented
        1100 Gunpowder invented
        1119 First reference to compass used for sea navigation
        
        The Song policy to "emphasize the civil" made the Confucian scholars so dominant
        
        A newer verse form, ci, that Song poets achieved their greatest distinction, making ci the major genre of the Song dynasty.
        
        Song favored the Confucian intellectuals who ran the huge Chinese civil service and gave as little power to the military as possible,which led to the loss of northern China and eventual conquest by the Mongols.
        
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        The Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty are linked together through the development of landscape painting, as well as the classical joining of calligraphy and poetry.
        
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        the Song clearly favored the civil, military weakness, which led to the loss of northern China and eventual conquest by the Mongols.
  - - - Major achievements were seen in technology, science, culture, art. Some of the most beautiful pieces of Chinese sculpture and silverwork originate from the Tang dynasty.
        
        impressive inventions and advancements in Chinese history (gunpowder, air conditioning, gas stoves, printing,
        
        Diverse religions such as Christianity and Buddhism, Islam, Nestorian,Judaism, Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism to establish themselves in China Link Title
        
        Art and literature: over 50,000 poems, plays, short stories, and other literary works were produced during the Tang Dynasty,
        
        Active territorial expansion until defeated by the Arabs at Talas in 751.Military and governance: Tang emphasized both the civil and the military
        
        Different emphasis on military and governance led to different results.
        
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        Imported fast-riping rice from Vietnam called Champa Rice, allowed two crops each season instead of one, Which fueled population increase.
        
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        Both the Tang and the Song were known for poetry, art and other cultural expressions,
        
        A mixture of different belief systems, mixed with Confucian and Taoist beliefs in Chinese popular religion, which affects so many different aspects of Chinese culture.
        
        Inventions that shows Tang and Song are the great eras in the history of ancient China