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PAST PERFECT SIMPLE - Coggle Diagram
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
ACTION BEGAN BEFORE A GIVEN PAST MOMENT AND STILL GOING ON AT THAT PAST MOMENT
I had been at home for about two hours when you rang me up.
When I graduated, I had been in Paris for three years.
ACTION WHICH HAPPENED BEFORE ANOTHER PAST ACTION/STATED TIME
He had already gone to bed when his dad came home.
ACTION WHICH FINISHED IN THE PAST AND WHOSE RESULT WAS VISIBLE IN THE PAST
When I saw Peter yesterday, he was happy. He had won the lottery.
PAST EQUIVALENT OF SIMPLE PAST/PRESENT PERFECT IN REPORTED SPEECH
He said that he had left everything in its usual place on Friday.
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME INSTEAD OF FUTURE PERFECT
Her son told her that he would write as soon as he had got home.
TALK ABOUT A FINISHED ACTION BEFORE A SECOND POINT IN THE PAST
When we arrived, the movie had started.
EXPLAIN OR GIVE A REASON FOR SOMETHING IN THE PAST
I had eaten lunch, so I wasn't hungry.
TALK ABOUT UNREAL OR IMAGINARY THINGS IN THE PAST
If I had known you were ill, I would have visited you.
TALK ABOUT UNREAL THINGS IN THE PAST (3RD CONDITIONAL/AFTER WISH)
I wish I hadn't gone to bed so late!