SYNTAX
The Statement
The sentence
Syntax of the Spanish Prayer
Syntactic Procedure of the Spanish Prayer
The statement is the minimum unit of communication and a basic syntactic unit. We can define it based on three main characters that it must meet:
to. The statement is between two silences or pauses.
b. A certain intonation curve corresponds to it.
c. It communicates a message that the receiver can understand because it has a complete meaning, regardless of the explicit presence of a verb.
We can distinguish two types, therefore, of statements:
to. The sentences, which would be those statements characterized by the presence of a verbal form: Pepe eats bread.
Some groups of words may seem like sentences to us (they are formed around a verb form), but in reality they are not because they do not communicate a message with a complete sense and, in fact, they are part of a higher sentence that we call a compound sentence: It's about propositions: I saw the movie (prop. I), but I didn't like it (prop. II).
b. Non-sentence sentences, which would be those in which this verb form does not appear: Pan!
Sentences are groups of words that, in addition to being brought together meaningfully, convey a message, coherent information.
Sentences are divided into unimembres and bimembres, that is, with and without verb, respectively.
Single-member sentences are also called "direct predicates" and are made up of one word or a reduced group of words.
The single sentences can then be: • Interjections • Admirative Phrases • Vocatives • Two-part sentences • Stereotyped formulas • Condensations.
Bimembre sentences are those that have two or more members (or phrases) and can, therefore, be structurally analyzed according to their parts. Two large groups are recognized: the verbal and the verbal.
According to the noun phrase
• Personal
• Impersonal
According to the verb phrase
• Simple or simple sentences
• Complex or compound sentences
The Syntax. It is the part of Grammar that studies the sentence and its classes.
The simple sentence: A simple sentence is one in which there is only one predication, that is, there is only one verb with meaning. Having established this, we can point out that a simple sentence is made up of a noun phrase - subject plus a predicate phrase.
Types of Simple Sentences
• Enunciative.
• Exclamatory.
• Questions.
• Totals \ Partials
• Imperatives or Exhortations.
• Desiderative.
• Doubtful or Possibility
The compound or complex sentence . It is the union of two or more "simple sentences".
In principle, in a compound sentence we would have more than one preaching.
A compound sentence is one that is made up of two or more propositions.
Different types of compound sentence that exist in Spanish
• Juxtaposed,
• coordinated and
• subordinates
Elements of the sentence.
Alberto (subject) was driving (Predicate) at high speed. Those greyhounds (Subject) are very (Predicate) fast.
Subject. · It is the person or thing about which we say something. · To locate it, ask Who? o Who? to the verb.
Alberto (Subject)
Predicate. · It is what we say about the subject. · It is very easy to locate since it is everything that is not subject.
They are very fast (Predicate)
The subject does not have to go to the beginning of the sentence.
The most frequent syntactic order in Spanish is S + V + C (Subject, verb and complements), which is advisable when you want to be clear, but the syntax is not very rigid and it is common for many nuances to be extracted from different collocations. words.
The passive is formed with the verb to be or to be plus the past participle of the verb that is conjugated or with the passive morpheme reflects it is more of a third person verb.
Morphology and syntax
Spanish, like the other Mediterranean Romance languages, substituted a syntactic procedure for what was morphological in principle, that is, it marked with prepositions plus names the grammatical functions of subject, direct and indirect object and verbal complements of another species.
Both in the case of direct personal or affective objects, he uses the preposition a, as in the scheme to love a person and love the cat; in the case of the indirect object it also uses a, as for example to give something to someone; In the case of the subject, it is the verbal endings that bear the mark of the subject (we ate, it always supposes a subject in the first person plural) and only in the case of needing to specify it is the order, before the verb, the element that determines this function.
Example;
Human settlements destroy forests would change its meaning if it were written the other way around: Forests destroy human settlements; therefore, the order of the objects that are postponed to the order verb is also important. The other plugins observe a fairly free order.
Among the characteristics inherited from Latin, the syntax and syntactic procedures to qualify, qualify or convert into names, and therefore subject to complete sentences, should be highlighted.