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Basic Elements of Organizing - Coggle Diagram
Basic Elements of Organizing
Job Specialization
Performing of a certain task which makes a person limited in performing each other activities at work that is not within that specialization.
Specialized jobs are simple, low variety, involve learning steps easily and include high repetition
Reporting Relationship
Indicates ‘who reports to whom’.
Span of Control or Management
The number of subordinate whom managers can control effectively.
Tall versus Flat Organization
Required by big and
complex organization
More formal, bureaucratic and mechanistic system
Chain of Command
Vertical line of authority that clarifies who reports to whom throughout the organization.
Departmentalization
Process of grouping the activities by placing experts together into one department in an organization.
The departmentalization can be in form of function, product, customer and geography, or location.
Customer
Grouping of jobs/activities according to the type of customer
served by the organization
Geographic/ Location
Grouping of jobs/activities according to locations or
regions of country or world
Product
Grouping of jobs/activities according to products / services
Functional
Grouping of jobs/activities according to major work functions
Assigning Authority
Right to give directives, take action and make decisions in order to achieve goals of an organization
Centralization
Degree of decision-making authority that is allocated to the upper levels
Decentralization
Assignment of direct authority and responsibility to a subordinate to complete jobs.
Delegation
Degree of decision-making authority that is allocated to the lower levels.
Coordination
Managerial function in which the activities of various departments in the organization are properly integrated and adjusted to achieve common goals.
Coordinating activities between departments and work groups are interdependent.
Greater interdependent > Greater needs for coordination