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Visible Learning Feedback (Mindmap by Ryan Kliewer) - Coggle Diagram
Visible Learning Feedback (Mindmap by Ryan Kliewer)
Chapter 1: What is feedback?
Feedback is information about the task that fills a gap between what is understood and what is aimed to be understood.
The starting point of any feedback is to figure out what the student currently understands.
One big question of feedback is "Where to next?"
Functions of feedback
reinforcing success
correcting errors
helping to unravel misconceptions
suggesting specific improvements
giving improvement advice for the future
praising
punishing or rewarding
Feedback is pointless if it is not received or understood.
That students should be taught to receive, interpret, and use feedback is more important than the amount of feedback received.
Goals of feedback should be specific and challenging but have low task complexity.
Types of feedback
Comments -- give comments on the way you are doing something
Clarification -- answering student questions in class
Criticism -- when you are given constructive criticism
Confirmation -- when you are told you are doing it right
Content development -- asking about the comment
constructive reflection -- giving someone positive and constructive reflections on their work
Correction -- showing what you did right or wrong, which helps you
Cons and pros -- someone telling the pros and cons about your work
Commentary -- they comment on my work
Criterion -- relative to a standard
Chapter 2: A feedback culture
We want students to say, "This is challenging. I can learn more" not "This is challenging. I cannot do it."
Success in learning can be measured when we do not know that we know something because we have overlearned something.
Errors are an exciting opportunity for learning. They should not embarrass students.
Feedback has no purpose if student does not understand initial instruction.
Highlight mistakes in a positive way to avoid shaming students.
If students can self-correct themselves, they will gain confidence in learning.
"A safe environment is needed to see errors as powerful."