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Tetralogy of Fallot : TOF
is the most common type of cyanotic congenital…
Tetralogy of Fallot : TOF
is the most common type of cyanotic congenital heart disease.There are several forms of this defect, the common ones are:
Diagnosis measure
- Echocardiography 2D, color flow mapping & doppler
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- ECG: showing right axis deviation
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- Hematocrit increased-Polycythemia
- Chest X-ray: revealing oligemic lung cavity (poor vascular lung), a small,heart-shaped boot at the tip of the shoe raised above the diaphragm
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Treatment
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Medical management
- Oral propranolol 0.5-1 mg/kg orally every 6 hours
- Treatment of iron deficiency anemia and dehydration.
- Spell management. Mild sedatives such as promethazine reduce the frequency of spells.
- Antibiotic treatment for bacterial infections
- Prostaglandin E (0.05-0.20 ug/kg/min) IV to maintain patency of the ductus
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Pathology&Physio
If Pulmonary artery resistance is more than systemic,right to left shunt.
If systemic vascular resistance is more than pulmonary artery resistance, left to right shunt.
Pulmonary stenosis and VSD are the most important disorders in TOF. Most defects depend on pulmonary artery stenosis, VSD size, pulmonary and systemic resistance to blood flow.
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