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Aldehyde, rxn with Grignard reagent (RMgBr), NaOH,sodium tartarate +…
Aldehyde
Cannizzaro rxn
+NaOH(no alpha hydrogen)
alcohol+COONa
Aldol condensation
+alcohol(have alpha hydrogen)
aldol
rxn with NaOH
+alcohol
hemiacetal
acetal
+HCN
R-CH(OH)-CN
R-CH(OH)-CH2NH2 Amide
R-CH(OH)-COOH Carboxylic acid
+LiAlH4
1°alcohol
Clemmensen rxn
Zn-Hg, conc' HCl, ∆
Alkane(相对应的C）
+H2 , Ni
RCHO
1° alcohol
+2,4-DNPH
2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone
I2/NaOH(aq)
CHI3
+ HCOONa
oxidation
KMnO4/H4
R-COOH
Tollen's reagent // Silver mirror test
RCOONH4 + 2
Ag
+ H2O + 3NH3
Fehling's Sln
R-COONa +
Cu2O
rxn with Grignard reagent
(RMgBr)
+Ketone
dry ether
3° alcohol
+other aldehyde
dry ether
2° alcohol
+Methanal
dry ether
1° alcohol
NaOH,sodium tartarate + CuSO4(aq)
Ag(NH3)2NO3 / Ag(NH3)2 + / Ag(NH3)2OH
Reduction rxn
condensation rxn
addition rxn
iodoform test
H2O/H+ , ∆
H2O/H+ , ∆
H2O/H+ , ∆
dilute H2SO4 // H2O/H+
LiAlH4 // H2
Dry HCl
Dry HCl
