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Lexical word classes - Coggle Diagram
Lexical word classes
Noun
Proper nouns: John’s bike, Madrid’s traffic problem
Mass nouns: sugar’s properties, anger’s triggers
Countable nouns: the dog’s tail, an idea’s origin
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make up one of the largest word classes in English and were tradi-tionally taught in primary school as ‘naming’ words.
it can occur after a definite or indefinite article or a determiner and may have a number of adjectives between the article and the noun
other aspect of the function of nouns is how they operate, as part of noun phrases, in the larger context of clause structure.
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Verb
are also called the progressive form, the perfective form and the infinitive form.
Lexical verbs that do not need an auxiliary verb in order to function in main clauses are known as finite forms.
non-finite forms often known as the -ing form, the -en form and the i- form.
The intransitive verb will not be found with an object, and thus will occur in subject and predicator structures: I’m dying.
In order to group these words together, then, we need to identify their formal and functional features,
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Adjective
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The remaining adjectives (non-gradable) can be considered to belong to groups, but these are largely semantic groupings, such as colour, material or nationality, and not strictly syntactic categories as they are not defined by
their form or function.
gradable adjectives, which form comparative and superlative forms either by the addition of morphemes, or by the insertion of adverbs
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The adjective word class is smaller than the noun and verb classes, and has both a more restricted set of forms than the verb and a more limited set of functions than the noun.