Formation of Capitalism in Britain
12th-15th Century
15th-18th Century
18th-20th Century
Also known as "Inclosure", which refers to the appropriation of "common land" and deprive commoners of their rights of access and privilege by enclosing it 
By Owners
By Proprietors
By Acts of Parliament
Large common fields are taken out
Enclosure of whole parishes
Legal act covering enclosure of open fields and common lands
Farmers lose their lands, and according to the law, they have to find jobs in a certain period of time, otherwise they will be severely punished
Farmers have to work in the factories, though they are not properly paid
The nobles now have lands to raise sheep and sell wools, which can bring huge profits.
A significant amount of free labour is available for the formation of capitalism
The accumulation of the wealth for the formation of capitalism
The Deserted Village (by Oliver Goldsmith, 1770)
Enclosure Movement is usually criticised as the humiliation to the holy property rights
Happened from 1688 to 1689, it is known as "The Revolution of 1688". Since nobody was injured or dead, this revolution is also knowned as "The Bloodless Revolution"
Political Concerns
More Power for the Parliament
Religious Concerns
The friction between the British Parliament and monarchy
The relationship between Catholics and Protestants was tense
King James II was overthrown, and he was replaced by William III and Mary II
William III and Mary II signed the Bill of Rights, which accepted more restrictions from the Parliament, including elections and freedom of speech
Foundation of Constitutional Monarchy
The bourgeoisie holds the power of Britain almost completely, and under this political system, the British government starts to take actions to benefit industry and commerce, which creates a solid basis for industrial revolution
A transition of manufacturing processes, including hand production to machines, the use of steam power, etc.
The industrial revolution is actually still proceeding nowadays. The term here refers to the first and second industrial revolution
The significant improvement of production efficiency
Improvement of Living Standard
The daily products become much cheaper, thanks to the more advanced ways of production and transportation (e.g. trains, steamed boats)
Rapid Growth of Population
More Labour
Huge amount of capital from abroad flows into Britain, which helps the country to gradually complete its capitalisation
Formation of Factory System
The military power of Britain is greatly improved and has become one of the strongest country in the world