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Earth Science: The Earth and Moon - Coggle Diagram
Earth Science: The Earth and Moon
Planet Earth
Shape
Oblate Spheroid
bulges at hemispheres
flattens at poles
Major Axis
diameter through equator
bigger
Minor Axis
diameter through the poles
smaller
Hemisphere
half of the sphere
North, East, West, and South Hemispheres
has enough mass for gravity to make it round
inner/terrestrial planet
include Venus, Mercury, and Mars too
Magnetism
caused by convection of molten iron and nickel metal
thousands of km into space
shields the planet from harmful Sun rays
Motions
Rotation
Earth spins on axis
the Earth seems to rotate faster at the equator
24 hours for a full rotation
Revolution
Earth circles the Sun
365 days for a full revolution
not a perfect circle
closest Earth is the the Sun is called perihelion
move faster
Farthest Earth is from the Sun is aphelion
moves slower
Earth's Moon
Earth's only natural satellite
1/4th the size of Earth
Revolution of Earth
27.3 days
Rotation
27.3 days
same side of the moon always faces Earth
Comparison
no atmosphere
no plate tectonics
allow for crater to form and stay
no landmarks created by the Moon itself
Maria
dark spots on the Moon
means sea because that is what people used to think they were
made of basaltic lava
Terrae
high mountain range
come from ancient magma oceans
formed early lunar crust
has had signs of water but there is no way for life to be there
Interior
distinct crust, mantle, and core
Core
600-800 diameter
mostly iron w/ nickel, and sulfur
Sun, Earth, and Moon
Eclipses
Solar Eclipse
new moon passes between the Sun and Earth
total solar eclipse is when the moon completely blocks the Sun
rare and only last for a bit
Lunar Eclipse
full moon moves through Earth's shadow
umbra is the middle of Earth's shadow
penumbra is the outside of Earth's shadow
total lunar eclipse is when the moon passes through the umbra
can last for hours
Phases of the Moon