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History ch1 class 8 - Coggle Diagram
History ch1 class 8
TIMELINE
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WHY DATES
For big events like when a king was crowned, married, battles etc., there are specific dates.
We divide history into different periods to capture the events of a time, its central features as the appear to us
WHICH DATES?
The dates which we select, which we compose our story of the past.
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1817
James mill's periodization (Hindu, Muslim, British)
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Periodization
By some historians (Ancient, Medieval, Modern)
The problem: This periodization system was borrowed from the west. During the modern period there, there were many technological developments.
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By some historians (Ancient, Medieval, Colonial)
In India there was no development so it was called colonial. Colonization is the subjugation of one country by another. Eg: India was ruled by the British
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By James mill (Hindu, Muslim, British)
The Problem: Various other faiths also existed in the period of Hindu and Muslim. It was characterized like this based on the rulers of the time. All rulers had different faiths. Periodizing like this means the practices of one don't really matter.
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Records & Surveys
The British preserve the official records, documents, manuscripts, inscriptions etc. in archives.
We need to look for other sources than official records as the official records tell us what the officials were interested in and not how others in the country felt.
Surveys were carried out as the British thought that a country had to first be properly known before administered.
They wanted to know the topography, soil quality, flora, fauna, local history, cropping patterns, etc.
Revenue, Botanical, Archeological, anthropological, zoological, and forest surveys were conducted.
Old newspapers tell us what the officials were interested in and not how others in the country felt.
police records, autobiographies, diaries, local magazine in bazaars tell us the real story, the whole story not just the good or bad part.
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