Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronavirus -…
Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronavirus
Coronavirus, also known as CoVs, has one of the biggest genomes known in RNA viruses
CoV virions are seen in this virus when analyzed using electron microscopy.
Have a type of crown shape to the membrane when viewed
All variants of this virus have 16 nonstructural proteins with ORFs encoded at the 3' and 5' ends
four major groups based off of phylogeny
group 1: alpha- CoV
group 2: beta-CoV
Lineages: A, B, C, D
group 3: gamma- CoV
group 4: delta- Cov
infections in humans typically affect the gastrointestinal tract and upper respiratory
Zoonotic: can be transferred between humans and animals and vice versa
There is estimate to be a high mutation rate for this ssRNA virus because of homologous recombination during replication.
greater likelyhood also because of how many different species can become hosts to the different strands
The SARS-CoV Rf1/2004 strand is a mutated version from 2 bat and 1 civet strands
symptoms and strands: most have coughing, sneezing, fever, and other types of flu symptoms in common. There are acute differences in symptoms of these strands.
fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, chills, dyspnea, cough, respiratory distress, infection of liver, kidney, brain, gastrointestinal tract. Lymphopenia and hemophagocytosis is seen as well
SARS-CoV
fever, cough, headache, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, malaise
229E
OC43
cough, fever, hypoxia, tachypnea, croup, phinorrhea
NL63
Fever, runny nose, cough, dyspnea
HKU1
myalgia, arthralgia, dyspnea, pneumonia, diarrhea, vomiting, some renal impairment
MERS-CoV
It was concluded that CoV will indeed mutate again and it is just a matter of time. The numerous amount of strands in different species of animals that will come in contact with one another will likely cause this recombination.
The key to predicting the next outbreak really has to do with the animal populations and which species may be used in the mixing of recombinant CoV.
Technologies being developed to monitor the recombination rates in these animal species and their development is key in predicting the outcome of new strands.
Su S, Wong G, et al. 2016. Epidemiology, Genetic Recombination, and Pathogenesis of Coronaviruses. Trends in Microbiology. 24(6): 490-502