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Quantitative Research - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Study a corss sample of population at single point of time
    - - Panel Studies
        
        Survey same subjects for several times over an extended period of time
      - Trend Studies
        
        Randomly draw different individuals from same general population
        
        Survey them at intervals over a period of time
      - Cohort Studies
        
        Following a specific population over a length of time
  - - - Personal
      - Focus Group
      - Telephone
    - - Mailed
      - Directly Administered
      - E-mail
      - Internet
      - Format
        
        Open-Ended
        
        Close-Ended
        
        Checklists
        
        Scaled Items
        
        Ranking Items
        
        Likert-Type items
- - - - Test
      - Observations
      - Survey
    - - Pearson R
      - Spearman Rho
      - Eta Correlation
  - - - Determine how a set of variables are related
    - - Two or more scores obtained for each member of the sample
      - One score for each variable of interest
      - Paired scores then correlated
      - Degree of relationship
      - Scatterplot of relationship
      - Size & Direction of relationship
      - Interpretation depends on type of study
        
        Relationship Studies
        
        Prediction Studies
        
        Reliability Studies
  - - - Below plus / minus .50 = Generally useless
    - - .90s = High
      - 80s = Moderate
      - 70s = Low
    - - useful in a relationship study
      - Useless in a prediction study
      - terrible in a reliability study
- - - - Threats / Factors other than IV that affect DV
    - - Extent to which study results can be generalized to groups & settings
  - - - No random assignment of subjects to groups
      - One-shot case study
      - One-group pretest-posttest
      - Static group comparison
    - - Use randomization & provide maximum control of extraneous variables
      - Randomized Subjects, Posttest only control group
      - Randomized Subjects, Pretest-Posttest control group
      - Solomon Three-group
      - Solomon Four group
      - Factorial
    - - Lack randomization but employ other strategies to provide some control over extraneous variables
      - Nonrandomized control group, pretest-posttest
      - Counterbalanced