Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Gut Microbiome - Coggle Diagram
The Gut Microbiome
Dietary Factors that affect the microbiome
Fiber
insoluble fiber is digested by bacteria in the intestine to produce energy, vitamins, & other byproducts
Animal products
diets high in animal products promote bacteria that have pro-inflammatory effects
Breastmilk vs formula
breastfed infants have different proportions of bacteria as breastmilk contains bacteria promoting oligosaccharides
Artificial sugars (study 1)
some people's microbiome changes in response to artificial sweeteners. In those who responded, their microbes were transplanted into mice. glucose response became worse as time went on
prebiotics & Probiotics
prebiotics feed bacteria; probiotics add additional bacteria
Fermented foods: can influence the microbiome. Short term consumption an be used therapeutically. Long term consumption can influence the gut (study 2)
Systems affected by the microbiome
the Brain (Study 3)
serotonin production: signaling effects
SCFA can directly stimulate the vagal nerve & can bind to receptor that secretes hormones that reduce appetite
Digestive System
Pancreas
intestines
serotonin production --> affects gut motility;
Vitamin K production
microbes can prompt cytokines that influence neurophysiology
Liver (study 4)
enterocyte
colon: production of short chain fatty acids (from fiber) which can be used by colon cells
Immune Regulation
fights off pathogenic bacteria by lowering the pH of the gut
protects epithelial gut cells
there are both pro & anti inflammatory species
Enzymes
Adipose tissue
Some bacteria inhibits the LPL (fat storage enzyme) inhibitor - this means that more fat storage occurs
Studies