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Cold War SECTION THREE The Global War, 1955-1963 - Coggle Diagram
Cold War
SECTION THREE
The Global War, 1955-1963
Chapter #1 Khrushchev and East-West relations 1955-60
Hungarian Uprising 1956: Causes, events & impacts
23rd October - 10th November 1956
22nd Oct 1956, students demonstrated and listed 16 demands, including the appointment of Imre Nagy as PM (Proposed a ‘New Course’ in socialism in Hungary) and challenged the oppressive control from Moscow.
This resulted in his dismissal as chairman of the Hungarian Council of Ministers. He led the government briefly during the 1956 uprising but in an attempt to flee to Yugoslavia he was caught, tried for treason and executed in 1958
EVENTS
31st Oct
– Moscow reversed its decision as it feared the introduction of a multi-party political system, the dissolution of the Secret Police and moves towards freedom of the press.
1 November
, Nagy announced that Hungary had withdrawn from the Warsaw Pact, and declared neutrality.
3rd November
– 15 divisions of red Army and 4000 tanks surrounded Budapest - crushing the rising.
A new government led by Janos Kadar was installed. He was a hard-line communist loyal to Moscow
Peaceful co-existence & Austrian State Treaty 1955
Peaceful Coexistence is the term used to periods in the Cold War where the US and USSR tried to coexist without conflict
The
Austrian state treaty of 1955
showed the commitment to peaceful coexistence
In the Austrian state treaty the two super powers were able to come together to decide that Austria would be independent, neutral and not influenced at all.
Polish Uprising 1956: Causes, events & impacts
June 28-20 1956
also know as the Poznan Protests
The Polish communist leader, Boleslaw Beirut, died unexpectedly in 1956. Khrushchev nominated his successor, Edward Ochab, to implement de-Stalinization in Poland.
After the Secret Speech, many Poles demanded more political freedom and national sovereignty.
On 28 June 1956, workers were on strike in protest at wage cuts and poor working conditions. This led to an anti-communist armed uprising.
In Dec., the once discredited Wladyslaw Gomulka was elected as First Secretary of the Polish United Workers’ Party (Polish Communist Party).
Geneva Summit September 1955, Paris Summit May 1960
De-Stalinization in the Soviet Bloc
Khrushchev began denouncing Stalin and many of his ways; Khrushchev states that Stalin had deviated from a path of 'true Leninism'
After Stalin's death Khrushchev wanted to be liked and seen as the favourable choice as the USSR's next leader.
Khrushchev's secret speech
February 14 to February 25 1956
was intended to discredit Stalin and hardliner Stalinist like Molotov.
The secret speech sent a message that no future leader would be able to amass as much power that Stalin had and that the reign of terror was over
Chapter #2 Cold War Rivalries 1955-63