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CPU
diagram explained by Eshaan Dhote - Coggle Diagram
Let us get more detailed by learning a few flabbergasting facts!
The CPU is an electronic machine that works on a list of computer things to do, called instructions. It reads the list of instructions and runs (executes) each one in order. A list of instructions that a CPU can run is a computer program.
Definition- A central processing unit (CPU) is an important part of every computer. The CPU sends signals to control the other parts of the computer, almost like how a brain controls a body.
There are 6 types of central processing units Single Core Cpu, Dual Core Cpu, Quad Core Cpu, Hexa Core Cpu, Octa Core Cpu, and Deca Core Cpu.
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It performs arithmetic and logical operations (decisions). The ALU is where calculations are done and where decisions are made.
It acts as a gateway between primary memory and secondary storage . Data transferred between them passes through the ALU.
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A logic gate is an idealized model of computation or physical electronic device implementing a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output.
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Registers are small amounts of high-speed memory contained within the CPU. They are used by the processor to store small amounts of data that are needed during processing, such as:
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Different processors have different numbers of registers for different purposes, but most have some, or all, of the following:
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5) Cache
Cache is a small amount of high-speed random access memory (RAM) built directly within the processor. It is used to temporarily hold data and instructions that the processor is likely to reuse. This allows for faster processing as the processor does not have to wait for the data and instructions to be fetched from the RAM.
Let's start with some basic, but amazing components of the cpu which can be found in our laptops! Here they are-
1) Control unit 
2) Arithmetic logic unit
3) Logic gate
4) Registers
5) CPU cache
6) Buses
7) CPU clock
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A bus is a high-speed internal connection. Buses are used to send control signals and data between the processor and other components.
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Address bus - carries memory addresses from the processor to other components such as primary memory and input/output devices.
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Control bus - carries control signals from the processor to other components. The control bus also carries the clock's pulses.
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The CPU contains a clock which is used to coordinate all of the computer's components. The clock sends out a regular electrical pulse which synchronises (keeps in time) all the components.
The frequency of the pulses is known as the clock speed. Clock speed is measured in hertz. The higher the frequency, the more instructions can be performed in any given moment of time.
In the 1980s, processors commonly ran at a rate of between 3 megahertz (MHz) to 5 MHz, which is 3 million to 5 million pulses or cycles per second. Today, processors commonly run at a rate of 3 gigahertz (GHz) to 5 GHz, which is 3 billion to 5 billion pulses or cycles per second.
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it fetches, decodes and executes instructions
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A computer includes the following compartments-Ram, rom, hard disk, dvd, drive, ddram, motherboard etc.