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DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY BACTERIA BIOLOGY - 12HH - LUCY PAN LIANG,…

- - - - SYMPTOMS: stomach cramps, fever, nausea and vomiting and watery diarrhea and sometimes bloody
        
        CAUSES: food poisoning, drink or eat something with the bacteria, eating raw meat and unpasteurized milk.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Wash your hand when cooking, wash the vegetable and fruits, boil and purify the water, keep the freezer below 40º F
  - - - SYMPTOMS: diarrhea that persists, nausea, vomiting, fever, headache and difficulty seeing and speaking
        
        CAUSES: beef or poultry in contact with the bacteria, raw eggs and vegetable or fruits in contact with contaminated water.
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        29% poultry, 12% pork, 13% vine vegetable or fruits, 8% beef, 18% egg and 20$ others
- - - - SYMPTOMS: sore throat, headache, fever, swollen glands and difficulty breathing.
        
        CAUSES: coughing and sneezing from others or other respiratory droplets.
        
        TREATMENT
        
        Using antibiotics such as Penicillin or Erythromycin and antibodies
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Keeping up with the vaccine, and stay hygiene all the time.
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        In USA the cases are 0, but The WHO reported 4100 cases in India
  - - - SYMPTOMS: chronic cough, chest pain, high fever and the production of sputum
        
        CAUSES: a person with active pulmonary diseases sneeze, cough or spits
        
        TREATMENTS
        
        First line drugs such as Isoniazid and Rifampin, also Streptomycin
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Cover your mouth, keep up with the doctor, don't visit or invite them to your house
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        Affect 2 billion of individual every year and 2 million of it die.
- - - - SYMPTOMS: Pink or red color in the white of the eye, Increased tear production, and Itching, irritation, and/or burning
        
        CAUSES: Allergens including molds, pollen or other substances that cause allergies or foreign object in the eye.
        
        TREATMENT:
        
        Prescription for antibiotics (eye drops, ointments or pills)
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Don’t touch or rub the infected eye(s), Wash your hands often with soap and water and Don’t share personal items such as makeup, contact lenses, towels or cups.
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        Newborn babies can get infectious conjunctivitis if their mothers have chlamydia or gonorrhea. The infection is passed from the mother to the baby during birth.
  - - - SYMPTOMS: eye redness, eye pain, excess of tears, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, decreased vision, difficulty opening.
        
        CAUSES: Injury, contaminated contact lenses, and contaminated water
        
        TREATMENT
        
        Requires antibacterial, anti-fungal, or antiviral therapy to treat the infection. Involve prescription eyedrops, pills, or even intravenous therapy.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Washing and drying hands with soap and water before touching the eyes or contact lenses and avoid sleeping with contact lens.
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        Two new cases per 1 million contact lens wearers annually; approximately 16.7% of U.S. adults wear contact lenses
- - - - SYMPTOMS in men: burning sensation while urinating, itching or burning in the penis and presence of blood in the semen or urine
        
        SYMPTOMS in women: more frequent urge to urinate, discomfort during urination, and burning or irritation at the urethral opening
        
        CAUSES: by chamydia through sexual intercourse
        
        TREATMENT
        
        Azithromycin, an antibiotic, typically taken as a one time dose. Doxycycline, an oral antibiotic that is typically taken twice a day for seven days
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Avoid having intercourse with multiple partners, use condoms, and get tested.
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        40-60% are due to Ureaplasma urealyticum
        
        30-40% due to Chlamydia trachomatis
        
        5-10% due to Mycoplasma hominis
        
        less than 5% due to Trichomonas vaginalis
  - - - SYMPTOMS: Abnormal vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor, Itching around the outside of the vagina and discomfort during intercourse.
        
        CAUSES: gonorrhea, Chlamydia, mycoplasma, herpes, campylobacter, some parasites, and poor hygiene.
        
        TREATMENT:
        
        Cortisone cream to treat severe irritation or Antihistamines, if the inflammation appears to stem from an allergic reaction.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Having good overall hygiene, wearing cotton underwear, practicing sex with a condom and wearing loose-fitting clothing
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        After puberty, infectious vaginitis accounts for 90 percent of cases.
- - - - SYMPTOMS: red, swollen, and painful of the skin, it look pitted, like the peel of an orange
        
        CAUSES: an insect bite or cut, or if it's cracked and dry.
        
        TREATMENTS
        
        taking antibiotics by mouth for 5 to 14 days. Your doctor may also prescribe pain relievers.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Avoid injuring your skin, treat wounds right away, clean and moisturized the skin
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        The mortality rate of patients hospitalized with cellulitis is 1.1% and for patients in the United States the rate was 0.5%.
  - - - SYMPTOMS: lesion feel hot and painful with high fever, chills, headache, nausea, and a general feeling of ill health.
        
        CAUSES: cuts to the skin, wounds from surgery and animal bites
        
        TREATMENTS:
        
        Antibiotics treat erysipelas. The exact type will depend on what germ is causing the problem, but it will often contain penicillin.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        cooling packs placed on the skin, compression stockings once the infection has settled
        
        IMPORTANT ISSUES
        
        It was quite common in the mid-19th century, accounting for nearly 2,800 deaths in the 1860 U.S. census.
- - - - SYMPTOMS in women: bleeding between periods, more vaginal discharge than is typically, pain in the belly and pain when you have sex
        
        CAUSES: anal intercourse, oral intercourse (both giving and receiving) and vaginal intercourse
        
        PROTECTION IS NOT ENOUGH
        
        TREATMENT
        
        Gonorrhea Doctor prescription of antibiotics, most of the time using two drugs: pills and injection
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Use condoms, have your sexual partners get tested and get regular screening
- - - - SYMPTOMS in women: Painful sexual intercourse, vaginal discharge, inflammation in the cervix, bleeding between periods.
        
        CAUSES: Sex without condoms, touching genitals, during birth to your baby, oral or genital contact in the eye
        
        PENETRATION DOESN´T HAVE TO OCURR TO GET INFECTED
        
        TREATMENT
        
        Using antibiotics such as Azithromycin and Doxycline, and do not have sex during this period of medication.
        
        PREVENTION
        
        Limit your number of sex partner, use condoms, avoid douching