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Lower Extremity - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Protects and surrounds internal organs
  - - - Increased leverage
    - - Lateral
      - Attachment of hip abductors and external rotators
      - Increased leverage
    - - Hip flexion / extension
      - Hip abduction / adduction
      - Hip rotation
  - - - Second largest bone
      - Weight bearing
    - - Does not bear weight
      - Interosseous membrane attaching to tibia
      - Main function: muscle attachment
    - - Stable stance
      - Locomotion
  - - - Conform & Adjust to terrain
    - - Transfer weight from heel to forefoot
- - - - Insulation
      - Fat storage
      - Passage of cutaneous nerves/vessels
    - - Thigh
        
        Fascia lata
      - Leg
        
        Crural fascia
      - Limit outward bulge of muscles
      - Facilitate venous return
      - Compartments
        
        Similar functions & innervation
      - Surround individual muscles to act independently
  - - - Subcutaneous tissue
      - Saphenous Veins
        
        Great
        
        Small
        
        Drain skin
        
        Shunt blood to deep veins
    - - Internal to deep fascia
      - Accompany arteries
      - pump
        
        Musculovenousaids in venous return
  - - - Then drains deep to External & Common iliac nodes of trunk
  - - - Supply most of medial thigh too
    - - Anteromedial leg
    - - Posterolateral leg
      - Calcaneal branches
        
        Sole of foot
    - - Anterolateral leg & dorsum of foot
    - - Medial plantar
      - Lateral plantar
- - - - Quadriceps Femoris
        
        Common tendon attachment to tibia
        
        Includes patella
        
        Sesmoid bone
    - - Exception: Psoas Major & Minor = AR of L1, L2, L3
  - - - Exception: adductor magnus (hamstring part): tibial part of sciatic nerve
  - - - 2/3 strength of glute max
      - Main hip extensors in walking
        
        Eccentric
      - 2 joint
      - Rotate flexed knee
  - - - Unsupported limp in gait, rotate during swing phase
- - - - Genicular branches
        
        Maintain bloodflow in all positions of knee
  - - - Medially
    - - Laterally along biceps tendon
      - Deep
      - Superficial
- - - - Posterior tibial
      - Fibular