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Lower Limb Impairments - Coggle Diagram
Lower Limb Impairments
Pelvic Girdle
Avascular Necrosis
Result of Damage to the Round Ligament that can result in cessation or reduction of arterial blood flow to the femoral head & subsequent bone death occurs
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Sciatica
Compression and trauma of sciatic nerve or its nerve roots may result in Sciatica & low back pain. Sciatica is characterized by severe shooting pain down buttocks and post thigh.
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Trendelenburg’s Sign
Indicates weakness in contralateral Indicates weakness in contralateral dropping of the pelvis. Can be caused by lesion of superior gluteal nerve
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Iliopsoas paralyzation
Results in loss of trunk stability. There is a tendency to fall backward when sitting due to loss of ventral forces on lumbar spine by the psoas major
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Thigh and Knee
ACL Tears
May tear partially or completely. With partial tears, broken collagen fibers have to be removed arthroscopically as they produce inflammation. W/complete tears, the BVs in ligament rupture causing effusion and instability.
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Meniscal Tears
Tears along outer periphery of meniscus repair well b/c the region has good supply. Tears along inner 1/3 of meniscus don’t b/c its avascular.
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Leg, Ankle, and Foot
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Ankle Sprain
Most common= Lateral ankle sprains. Usually the result of inward bending (inversion) of the foot during weight bearing. May result in tearing of calcaneofibular ligament when ankle is in PF or ATFL when ankle is in DF. Medial sprain= less common. Often due to secondary injuries resulting from lateral malleolar fx. Usually result in tearing of the deltoid ligament
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