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Lattice Vibration IV - Coggle Diagram
Lattice Vibration IV
Phonon Momentum
A phonon of wavevector k will interact with particles such as photons, neutrons and electrons as if it had a momentum hk.
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In elastic scattering of a crystal is governed by wavevector selection rule K' = K+ G where G is a vector in the reciprocal lattice, K is the the wavevector of the incident photon and K' is the the wavevector of the scattered photon.
If scattering is inelastic, with the creation of phonon of wavevector k, then the selection rule is K' + k = K+ G
Phono Generation
Piezoelectric
When an electric field is applied to a piezoelectric material (quartz, cadmium sulfide, etc..), it experiences strain.
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Thermal Excitation
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Hot electrons releases energy into the surrounding by emitting phonon and photons into the metal and its surrounding.
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Electron Tunneling
A thin layer of insulator is placed between two thin layers of metal to form a barrier for the electrons.
At certain energies, the electron can tunnel through the barrier
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