Kidney Stones
patient education
medications
pathophysiology
pertinent findings
interventions
precipitations of calcium salt, uric acid, struvite or cystine. Low calcium intake is associated with calculi formation
Calcium stones occur due to increase calcium intake and is the most common type of kidney stone
Uric acid stones can happen if there is not enough urine output, a diet high in red meat, increase alcohol consumption and gout
Struvite stones are large stones can usually occur when there is an infection
Cystine stones occur in people who have too much cystine in their urine
thiazide diuretics can be prescribed to prevent calcium stones from forming
Allopurinol can reduce uric acid levels in the blood and antibiotics can also be prescribed
increase fluid intake to dilute the urine
The patient should also restrict certain things out their diet like animal products
regularly exercise
include assessing pain and assisting with ambulation to promote the passage of the stones
. Change the patient’s position, give back rubs and find other relaxation techniques to help with comfort and relieve pain
Fluid intake and output should be measured, and urine should be strained to catch the stones and sent to lab to be analyzed.
antibiotics
Dull flank pain will tell you that the calculi is in the renal pelvis
. If there is pain in the abdomen, then there is probably a calculus in the ureter
Patient will also have nausea, vomiting and a hematuria