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Chemistry Notes 16th June - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry Notes 16th June
Element: Elements are substances in their purest form, and can not be broken down further. They can be mixed to create more substances. There are 118 elements known to mankind, and they are stored in the "Periodic Table". Each element has its own different and unique property
For Example, Hydrogen and Oxygen are elements in their purest form, but when they are mixed together, the result is water (h2o). 2 Hydrogen Atoms and One Oxygen atom amount to water
All the elements I know
Hydrogen
Helium
Lithium
Berilium
Carbon
Boron
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Copper
Magnesium
Curium
Einsteinium
Iron
Calcium
Mercury
Based on their properties, elements are classified into the following:
(i) Metals
(ii) Non-Metals
(iii) Metalloids
(iv) noble gasses
Metals
A Predominant majority of the elements that are known to mankind are metals
They are usually lustrous and hard solids. (Exceptions come from Mercury Gallium, as they are liquids, and from Sodium and Potassium, as they are soft)
Metals are malleable and ductile (Exceptions include Zinc which is brittle and fragile)
Metals have extremely high melting and boiling points, and as a result, they can successfully withstand extreme heat
They are good conductors of heat and electricity
They are sonorous substances. This means that when they are struck, they produce a specific sound
Non-Metals
Non-Metals are elements that lack the characteristics and properties of metals
Non-Metals are elements with a dull surface and as a result, they do not shine at all.
They are fewer in number compared to metals. They are either soft solids or gasses
They are brittle and fragile in nature
They are very bad conductors of electricity. (Exceptions include Carbon in the form of graphite and gas carbon)
They have low melting and boiling point (Exceptions include Carbon in the form of Graphite)
All elements are named after their names in Latin. For example, the symbol of gold is not "g", its is "au", since the Latin word for gold is aurum