Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Geography Unit 1 - Coggle Diagram
Geography Unit 1
1.1 Population and economic development
- How does population vary between places?
Physical factors that affect human population distribution
- Determine where people can actually live
-Direct and Indirect
- weather/ climate
- relief, altitude and latitude
- water supply
- natural resource supply
- soils
Human factors affecting population distribution
- Employment opportunities
-As a country becomes more developed, jobs will shift to more tertiary than primary
- Communication and accessibility
-Coastal areas with export and import opportunities
-Flat coastal areas for easy construction
- Government Policy
-Forced relocation
- Wars
Classification of economic development
- High income country (per capita income over 12,735)
- Middle income country ( between)
- Low income country (less than 1,026)
- One third of global GDP is produced by MICs
- Less and less people are living in LICs as the world overall becomes more developed
Population distribution and economic development on a national scale
- People migrate for social and economic reasons
- Migration increases the disparity of the core-periphery model
-Core: more developed, high literacy rates, wide raneg or services and good housing
-Periphery: Less developed, resources given to core, insufficient services, large population growth
Ways of measuring economic development
- Economic development: The transition of a country relying mostly on primary industries to then secondary and tertiary through the introduction of new technology resulting in an increased wealth and improved standard of living
- Economic indicatiors
-GNI per capita (gross national income/ mid year population + income and payments from abroad)
-GDP per capita (total value of goods and services produced within a country in a given timepoint)
-Power Purchasing Parity: accounts for the cost of living day to day
- These only account for the formal economy and average it
China case study
-Much of the land is unusable due to mountains and infertile soil
-Most population is located SE where megacities are by the coast
-160 million migrants left rural to join core
-Wages in urban areas are 40% higher than rural
-The large migration causes the rural-urban inequalities to widen
Synthesis
Although physical factors were originally important, human factors are more important now as more places become developed and have a need for communication and jobs
1.3 Challenges and opportunities
- What are the population possibilities and who holds the power to make these decisions
Average family size
-
-
What societal values have changed the fertility rates?
- The status of women has changed and it is now more acceptable for women to work and delay childbearing
- Societal values have changed and it is now more acceptable for couples to have one or no children
-
-
Ageing population
What are the causes for an ageing population?
- Better health care and housing leading to longer life expectancy
- Declining fertility rate
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.2 Changing population and places
- What are the processes of population change and their effect of people and places?
-
Megacities and consequences of their growth
- Metropolitan area with an excess of 10 million people
- Megacities occur due to people in rural areas seeking better job opportunities or cities becoming hubs for migrants
- the economy shifting from periphery to core
-
-
Migration
- The movement of people from one place to another
-
-