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Forests - Coggle Diagram
Forests
Types of forest:
Alpine Forests:
• They can be found in Northern areas including Chitral, Kohistan, and Dir.
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• The trees' roots have a better grip on the ground because they spread sideways and absorb more nutrients.
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Coniferous Forests:
• They can be found in Northern Areas including KPK, Balochistan Mountains, Murree, Islamabad, and Rawalpindi.
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• The leaves are usually needle-shaped, leathery, small and thick to check excessive transpiration.
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• They offer timber, environment protection, tourism, wildlife, and beautiful scenery.
Tropical Thorn Forests:
• They can be found in Punjab Plains, Sindh Plains, and Western & southern Balochistan.
• They are low in height, usually 6 meters to 10 meters.
• They have thorny hardwood mostly; trees have deep roots to search for water and low vegetation because of less water.
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Mangrove Forests:
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• They have, broad, leathery and drip tips leaves.
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• In better conditions, the trees can rise to 6 to 8 meters, but they are generally 3 meters long.
• Waste is dumped in the Arabian Sea that has stunted the growth of these trees in the Indus and Hub Delta.
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• They offer firewood, timber, breeding ground for fish, prevent coastline from erosion and absorbs shocks of tsunami and earthquake.
Irrigated Forests:
• Changa Manga near Lahore, Wan Bachran near Thal, Chichawatni in Sahiwal are Irrigated forests.
• In these forests, economically important species of trees are planted in large quantities.
• They have species like Shishum, Babul and Eucalyptus.
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Importance of Forests:
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• They provide raw materials to industries including paper, timber, etc.
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Afforestation:
• In Pakistan, many afforestation projects have been started:
• In Balochistan, Agha Khan Rural Support Program has been initiated that has planted 80 thousand plants.
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Sustainable Forestry:
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• If a tree is cut, then it must be replaced from a sapling from the nursery.
• If forest areas are cut down, then new forest areas must be planted to accommodate for the loss to nature.