Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
ANTHRO 2200 Study Guide 3, Homo Erectus - Coggle Diagram
ANTHRO 2200 Study Guide 3
Autstralopithechines 1&2
Pre- Australopithecines
Teeth
Canine with modified Honing/nonhoning
Bones
vestiges of ape-like arboreal traits
Brain
Smaller ~ 350cc
Australopithecines
Gracile
A. Anamesis
A. Afarensis
Lucy
Most complete fossi of bipedal human ancestorl
very similar to a. anamesis
ape like body proportions
A. Platyops
A. Garhi
Difference in Diet
seen in difference in facial structures.
More woody/fruit plants - Robust
Leads to a more negative sigma c123value.
More grassy plants - gracile
Leads to a less negative sigma- c13 value
Robust
A. Africnaus
Taung Child
First australophitecine discovered
anterior placed foramen magnum
Rounded cranial vault
moderate sized teeth
smaller brain
Clearly bipedak
A. Robustus
A. Sediba
A. Aethiopicus
A. boisei.
Primate Evolution and Fossils
Why did primates Emerge?
Arboreal Hypothesis
Primate traits = Arboreal Adaptions
Movement from life on ground to life in trees
Visual Predation Hypothesis
Need for specialized visual apparatus and grasping digits to adapt to hunting insects and small pray
Angiosperm Radiation Hypothesis
Fruit availability increases due to angiosperm radiation, primates took advantage of this by having advantageous features for finding and eating fruit
What are fossils?
Direct Physical Evidence of past life forms and their evolution
Calcium phosphate to rock forming minerals
Bones and teeth = 99% of fossil record
Dating Techniques
Absolute Dating
Determine approximate age of Fossils
Not based on relationship with other fossils
Radiometric Techniques - produce chronological ages through use of radioactive decay
Carbon dating
Potassium-Argon
Fission track
Non- Radiometric Techniques - Chronological ages but don't use radioactive decay
Paleomagnetic dating
Molecular clock
Relative Dating
First form of Dating
Determines order of events without determining absolute age
Homo Erectus
Africa
Overlapped with australopitheines in east and south africa
Nariokotome Boy
Much taller than lucy
Adolescent male , 900 cc brain
Europe
Evidence of Nutritional Cannibalism
Possible new species - Homo antecessor
wider nasal aperature
Evolution of Genus Homo 1&2
Asia
Zhoukoudian, China
40-50 remains of individual
evidence of the controlled use of fire
remains lost during WWII