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Weathering: is the decay and disintegration of rocks in situ by physical…
Weathering: is the decay and disintegration of rocks in situ by physical and chemical processes.
Physical(Mechanical) Weathering: is the physical breakdown of rock without a change in the mineral composition of the rock.
Frost Action(Freeze-Thaw Action):
Where it Happens: It occurs where the temperature fluctuates around zero degrees Celsius for at least part of the year.
Water may find its way into cracks and joints in the rock when the temperature rises above rising. when the temperature dips below zero degrees, the water freezes and expands, exerting pressure on the rock and widening the cracks. this process is repeated over and over until the pressure exerted by the ice eventually shatters the rock.
Exfoliation(Pressure Release):
This occurs when the overlying rock is removed by erosion, exposing the underlying rock. The release of pressure causes the rock to expand. This expansion causes fractures to form parallel to the rock surface. This causes the rock to develop several layers which are similar to the layers of an onion. Over time, these sheets of rock will break away from the rock mass.
Temperature Change: During the day, the high temperatures cause rocks to expand slightly. During the night, the low temperature cause rocks to contract slightly. Repeated expansion and contraction causes cracks to form withing the rocks and eventually they will begin to fall apart.
Chemical Weathering: is the altering of color, texture, composition or for,m of exposed rock as a result of chemicals released from weather conditions.
Hydrolysis: where the acid in water works to dissolve minerals withing rocks.
Rain mixes with carbon dioxide and forms acid rain.
This acid reacts with the minerals in rocks and cuase them to dissolve.
This chnages the chemical composition of the rock and cause them to be broken down.
Feldspar changes to produce Clay.
Sodium minerals into saltwater solutions
Oxidation: the reaction of a substance with oxygen.
Oxygen in acid rain will react with iron present in rocks.
Carbonation: the process of carbon dioxide dissolving in a liquid.
Rainwater contains carbon dioxide which produces a weak carbon acid.
This acid reacts with rocks composed of calcium carbonate such as limestone.
This process causes the limestone to dissolve.
This results in the formation of limestone features.
Biological Weathering: This relates to the role of plants and animals play in breaking down rock.
The roots of plants force their way into cracks of rocks, which expands the cracks and eventually breaking the rock apart.
Moss grows on rocks and releases different acids which changes the composition of the rock and causes the rock to break down.
Burrowing animals aid into the break down of rocks.Some animals burrow into rocks to build their nests.
Slime left behind by slugs can break down rocks.